Biological And Social Effects Of Drug Use

Biological and social effects of drug use

On drugs, we can define these simply as medicines, since that is the original definition, however, today has adopted another concept, in my opinion a little more interesting. In this way, an". (Sagñay, 2012). And starting in this way of seeing drugs, we can understand many things, for example, it is very common to observe in the streets people who have fallen into some vice, whether alcohol, bets, or some type of drug;And in many cases they are young people who, unfortunately, have ended in the last of the mentioned vices. They become drug addicts and waste their lives, and although some manage to overcome that situation, others do not get it. This leads me to ask me: what, biologically speaking, returns from drugs to the people who consume them? What consequences can this situation have in people who have chosen to follow this type of practices? These are the questions that I will answer throughout this essay, where I will analyze the biological and social aspects that influence drug use.

The nervous system of the human being is something particularly delicate, and I will be quite concrete in explaining why. Biologically the human nervous system works as a series of connections, which we know as nerves, these nerves are made up of well -known microscopic units, I refer to neurons, which have been interconnected with each other and perform among them the so -called nervous impulse orSINAPSIS (García-Allen, 2016). To understand the nerve impulse, you have to first understand how a neuron is formed, and well, a neuron is made up of three fundamental parts: a neuronal body, ramifications called dendrites and an extension called axon.

Here is a point that I want to make it very clear, the nerve impulse occurs between the dendrites and the axons, and occurs in a place called synaptic space, which is nothing more than the space that exists between the end of the axon of a neuron andThe tip of the dendrite of another (Sherman, 2017). What happens in this synaptic space is not the step of only electricity as you could think, it is rather the movement of substances that are called neurotransmitters, the protagonists of the synapse. Our nervous system is divided into two parts: one is the central nervous system, made up of the brain and spinal cord;And the other is the peripheral nervous system, which is made up of all the nerves that are outside the central nervous system. What happens is that drugs directly affect our central nervous system, specifically to our limbic system, located in the brain, or to put it in another way, in the middle of the brain (Leff & Antón, 2001). The limbic system is, in essence, the one that allows us to feel pleasure or dislike when performing some action, and there are two mechanisms that are reflected: that of reward and punishment. The reward system allows you to do things like resting, eating, laughing, going to the bathroom, among other things, we feel good. This is thanks to the discharge of dopamine (a neurotransmitter) that takes place after performing any of these actions. The punishment system does the opposite. Drugs influence this specific part, our reward system, releasing large amounts of dopamine or making them accumulate in certain areas, depending on the type of drug used (Carbonell, 2018).

Drugs can be of three types, and each one has a different effect on our central nervous system. First, there are stimulating drugs, which accelerate the organism. Then there are depressing drugs, which make our body work more slowly, and finally there are hallucinogenic or psychedelic whose main function is to alter the way of perceiving the world outside of us. (Educational, 2016). The physiological mechanism that takes place when a person consumes drugs is as follows: in the case of stimulating drugs, the drug causes neurotransmitter receptors, located in the dendrites, staying open and give free step to dopamine, without havingSome retention and this causes overexcitation in our central nervous system, making the person who consume the stimulating drug has the need to be active, and due to the large amount of dopamine that runs through the nerves, he feels great pleasure. On the other hand, there are depressing drugs, such as alcohol that, unlike stimulating drugs, do not allow the low limited flow of dopamine, rather the opposite, what happens with this type of drug is that receptors are blockedof neurotransmitters, making our neuronal connections as long as nerve synapses are much slower (WHO, 2004). By not flowing neurotransmitters, they are trapped in synaptic spaces, which I mentioned above, and this accumulation of dopamine in synaptic spaces are those that cause an intense feeling of pleasure. And, finally, in terms of hallucinogenic drugs, they release neurotransmitters that will affect our central nervous system in its normal functioning, and as a most common example for this type of drugs, marijuana or cannabis is taken, which, to theBeing smoked, a neurotransmitter called THC or tetrahydrocanabinol enters our body, which is responsible for producing relaxation, alteration of visual, auditory, olfactory senses, fatigue and appetite stimulation, in addition to stimulating the reward system with which dopamine is releasedat higher levels in relation to those that are normally released in response to natural stimuli, and this also produces pleasure. (NIDA, 2015)

In this way, seeing that it is not a matter of whim, or some other psychological factor in the people who consume drugs, even in the first time, but that they generate such a pleasant sensation for those who consume it, which generatesaddiction. This is the second problem, people feel the impulsive need to obtain that dopamine injection again and again. A person who has once felt that feeling, will only seek again and again repeat it (ONC, 2018). This has serious effects on our society because, those who have become addicted, in order to buy the drug, in many cases fall into poverty, and prioritize their consumption before other needs and things, neglect their families, theirEconomy, food, and that without counting the negative effects that most drugIn the event that the drug is not consumed in a certain time, it is also for this reason that for consumers it is so difficult to move away from, the redundancy, the consumption of these substances (Infosalus, 2015) is worth.

In conclusion, I think that people should move completely from drug use due to their high addiction potential, and I also think that it is extremely important to inform people about their functioning in our body so that, conscientiously from them, be thought twice before trying to consume them. I think that people who have fallen into this vice must be taken into account, since the desire to consume drugs is not completely voluntary after having tried it for the first time. With the investigation I have done, I have realized that we should not judge those who drug themselves, we can advise them, and try to convince them to inform themWell of them that measures must be taken, such as anti-drug campaigns, talks, and the dissemination of information by different media, whether television, journalistic or even social networks. Drug addicts have a problem, and those who surround them have the ability to help them overcome it.

Bibliography

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