Chernobyl Catastrophe And Nuclear Radiation

Chernobyl catastrophe and nuclear radiation

Chernobyl catastrophe was one of the greatest natural disasters of the planet. This catastrophe began in reactor 4 during a systems test on the 1st.M. The workers tried an emergency blackout, but this failed causing an increased energy. According to María Fernández Rei (unknown date), this was Chernobyl’s catastrophe. The vessel broke and burning the pieces of material and sparks fired in the air above the reactor ”. The fuel escaped outside the reactor cooling structure, which caused the destruction of its roof. The resulting fire sent a highly radioactive precipitation in the atmosphere. 600 firefighters, workers and volunteers participated in the extinction of fire, 130.000 people were evacuated and 220.000 retired later. About 30 or 50 victims died direct to enter the reactor, 4.000 Cancer dead, 9.000 deaths caused by escape and 5.000 would be attributable to the radiation that was disseminated by other regions.

Today, radiation has different applications for the life of the human being. Such as medicine, to examine the interior of patients and some diseases. To study body parts, a mixture that incorporates radioactive material is introduced into the body. With special cameras, doctors track radiation and create images of the organ to study. The best known utility is radiotherapy, which is used in cancer patients. It is the tumor with radiation to destroy sick cells. Ionization has biological effects that are increasingly known.

The clearest effect is that of the genetic mutations that have been throughout evolution. Now you investigate how to take advantage of these mutations and the effect of these radiation to improve crops or avoid pests. With certain mechanisms, specialists can manipulate fruits and vegetables to be stronger. Some products radiate to kill fungi or bacteria and do not rot so fast. By law, these foods must be free of radioactive material before putting them on sale. In the field of agri -food, radiation serves to optimize water resources. To control soil moisture, neutron probes can be used. In this way, more efficient use of water can be achieved. It is also used for the extension of the food conservation period. It consists of exposing food to gamma rays irradiation. In this way germination is inhibited, maturation and disinsection are delayed. In mining, it is used to measure the density of the walls, since the rays can cross the solid blocks. By applying ionization in the search for mining materials, the use of some chemical substances is favorable for the use of the human being. Another application of radiation is reflected in the use applied to the Uranium-248: To ensure that some electrolysis processes are more precise and pure, lands with aluminum or platinum are radiated so that, after running the electric currents, the proportion of purity is more accurate. Radioactive material is also used to examine the pipe status. A radioactive substance is introduced into the tube to check if there are jams. And, probably, the function it plays in industry and research is less known. According to Lorena Vilchez Valverde, 2011, main uses of radioactivity, "welding inspection, the detection of forged or molten metal cracks and emergency lighting are some of its numerous applications".

Nuclear radiation can cause gravity diseases such as cataracts, hemorrhages, cancer and cardiovascular and immune problems, all according to their degree of exposure. The repercussions depend on the distance at which each person is found, their sensitivity and, of course, on the dose and radioactive materials emitted. In general, nuclear radiation scares us, and there are reasons to do so. It can happen that nuclear technology is used as a weapon, as is the case with Hiroshima and Nagasaki (cities that were attacked with atomic bombs). After a nuclear bomb explodes, it leaves an area contaminated by radiation and exposes people close to the explosion. On other occasions, accidents can be produced in quite safe conditions, as in the case of the Chernobil accident.

Scientists have been able to develop the necessary technology to take advantage of these processes. They are an example-x rays, the most used ionizing radiation for diagnosis. It is used as an exploration and therapy technique. But you can’t abuse this technique, or use in pregnant women. Irradiation is used as a method of sterilization of instruments in surgery operations that need aseptic conditions not to expose patients to germs. The hygienization process of cosmetic products consists of irradiation before packaging. Also the plastic containers used for milk radiate with gamma rays. And the last one to mention is in telecommunications. Electromagnetic radiation is used as a means of transport to send information from one side to another. That is why radiation must continue to be used, since the benefits include nuclear energy, sterilization uses and procedures that help save millions of people. That does not mean that it does not have to have immense caution when it comes to being used;especially in nuclear power plants, which are very restrictive and have a very strict maintenance.

I would live in a nuclear power plant, since, when they work in general they are safe. That also influences our actions near these places. There is a minimum possibility that an accident occurs, although that possibility must be taken into account. These centrals do not pollute the air, since they do not directly contaminate the atmosphere;Nor do they create the greenhouse effect. These systems have evolved;They look at the level of reactivity they emit and the waste is stored, but they have them controlled. According to a study of the Nuclear Safety Council, the radiation accumulated by populations near these facilities are very small and are well below the level that could cause effects on people’s health. This study has been carried out during the last four years in about a thousand populations living within a radius of 0 to 30 kilometers of all the country’s nuclear power plants. The conclusions of this study rule out the increased risk of cancer as a result of living in an environment close to these facilities. The same happened with a study conducted by the scientists of the Children’s Cancer Research Group of the United Kingdom. They have proven that children living near nuclear plants have no more risk of developing leukemia or other types of tumors. That is why I would live near a nuclear power plant, despite the risk of accident.

In the accident that occurred in Chernobil, the use of milk was recommended because, according to Mónica Álvarez, 2015, why is it good to drink milk? Myths and scientific reasons, "it is a source of calcium, vitamins and proteins of high biological value, which is associated with a decrease in infant mortality and diseases such as arterial hypertension, anemia or obesity". Also, milk contains all essential amino acids: isoleucine, leucine and lysine. It contains bioactive peptides with beneficial properties for the immune, cardiovascular and digestive system. Although milk fat has been considered not beneficial for its high content of saturated fatty acids, they can have a protective effect. It is rich in vitamin A, important in growth, development, immunity and ocular health. It contains vitamins of the B complex, which participate in several metabolic routes such as hormone synthesis and energy obtaining. Supplement the deficiencies of vitamin D, the milks fortified in vitamin D can be a good alternative to alleviate the deficiencies that some European children have, since they do not reach the daily amount recommended in vitamin D and are not very exposed to the sun for an incorrect useof photoprotectors and the reduction of outdoor activities. It contains fiber, produce effects against pathogens and prevent infection and adhesion of bacteria and viruses, such as HIV. Milk has a high lactose content, which exerts a beneficial effect on intestinal absorption of calcium and magnesium. Lactose induces an insulinemic response less than other sugars. The inconvenience was that, being the entire irradiated zone, the milk that was supplied to the sick was contaminated. That is why patients vomited.

Webgraphs

• María Fernández Rei. (Unknown date). This was Chernobyl catastrophe at https: // www.Very history.es/contemporaneous/article/30 -os-of-la-Catathe-de-Charernobil-66146169147 [December 22, 2019]
• Ángel Díaz. (2011). Health effects at https: // www.the world.ES/SPECIAL/Chernobil/Consequences/Index.HTML [December 22, 2019]
• María Rubal Thomsen. (2018). What practical applications does radioactivity have? In https: // www.the vanguard.com/Life/Junior-Report/20171115/432905338604/Marie-Curie-Aplications-Practics-Radioactivity-Radiation.HTML [December 22, 2019]
• Lorena Vilchez Valverde. (2011). Main uses of radioactivity in all overdiactivity.Blogspot.com/2011/05/blog-post_8173.HTML [December 22, 2019]
• Francisco Roig Petit. (2013). Radiation: Applications and health risks at https: // www.the vanguard.com/Life/Junior-Report/20171115/432905338604/Marie-Curie-Aplications-Practics-Radioactivity-Radiation.HTML [December 22, 2019]
• Greenpeace. (Unknown date). What are the main problems of nuclear power plants? at https: // is.Greenpeace.org/es/questions-frequent/which-they-the-principales-problems-of-central-nuclear/[January 2, 2020]
• Nuclear Physics Experience. (2012). Is it beneficial nuclear radiation? In http: // nupex.EU/INDEX.PHP?G = Textcontent/Nuclearaplications/Benefitsandrisks & Lang = ES [January 2, 2020]
• Nicolás Lozada Moreno. (2014). Radiation, advantages and disadvantages at https: // prezi.com/EFZFAUSBT4I5/RADIACION-VANTIA-Y-DESALUAS/[January 2, 2020]
• Nuclear energy. (2011). Nuclear power plants at https: // enuclearcsj.Blogspot.com/2011/11/central-nuclear.HTML [January 2, 2020]
• ABC. (2010). Living near a nuclear power plant does not increase the risk of cancer at https: // www.ABC.It is/natural/ABCI-VIBIRO-CERCA-CENTRAL-NUCLEAR-NO-EUMPENTA-RISGGO-PADER-CANCER-201006010300-140223277599_NOTICA.HTML [January 2, 2020]
• Clubassays. (2014). Nuclear central advantages and disadvantages at https: // www.Clubassays.com/Science/Advantages-Y-Desadas-Central-Nuclear/2153315.HTML [January 2, 2020]
• Cuidateplus. (2015). Why is it good to drink milk? Myths and scientific reasons at https: // Cuidateplus.brand.com/food/nutrition/2015/06/01/good-beber-reche-mitos-razones-cientificas-69792.HTML [January 3, 2020]

Bibliographies

• Plokhy, Serhii. (2018). Chernobyl: History of Tragedy. London: Penguin Uk