Post -Traumatic Stress Disorder Clinic

Post -traumatic stress disorder clinic

Introduction.

Typification: Psychic trauma or the official diagnostic classification of PTSP. This recognition served to facilitate communication, research and practice on this disorder. The subsequent review of the DSM-III-R produced the diagnostic criteria that still persist related to the PTSD.

 Another modification between the versions of the DSM-III and DSM-III-R was that the criterion of acute posttraumatic stress (within six months after the traumatic event) that appeared in the DSM-III was not included in the subsequent review. In 1994 the fourth version of the DSM-IV (APA, 1994) appeared and in 2000 a slight review was made;It was then studied if the stressor criteria should be modified or abolished.

Developing.

In general terms, the approach that is being studied for the diagnosis of the PTSD in the DSM-V will include modifications in the (criterion A), since it has been seen that the PPPlife (for example divorce, economic problems). In the same way, recent studies have frequent the appearance of PTSD symptoms in the individual depressive who have not experienced and between people with social phobias who respond to situations in which they have a failed execution. 

Symptomatology: 

Carvajal, (2002) comments that in the clinical triad of posttraumatic stress disorder are invaders, avoidance and hyperalt responses in invading phenomena refers to experiencing the symptoms that were experienced during the traumatic event is out of people’s controlin which images, thoughts, sensations, noises or odors related to trauma appear, they can be spontaneous or need a drive or trigger which, through a stimulus that reminds the traumatic events.

The aforementioned phenomena occur during vigil or during dreams presenting as nightmare,

When trying to reduce or eliminate the appearance of invading phenomena, avoidance behaviors are produced, this being the second element of the clinical triad which are that people do not leave their home for fear of living the traumant event again or avoiding passing through placesWhere he had a trauming event also avoid looking TV or listening to news related to the traumatic event in addition to the patient is isolated socially and avoid conversations regarding the traumant event Shemesh e, Rudnick A, Kaluski E, Milovanov O, Salah A, Alon Det alabama. 2001. They add that some of the people avoid medical exams that remind the traumant event such as going to the gynecologist, people who suffered from violation which is considered an avoidance behavior, other of the phenomena that Carvajal comments;The state of hyperalert manifests by sleep disorders in which the insomnia of conciliation, interruption of superficial sleep, concentration failures are found, sometimes even violent reactions, sensory hyperesthesia with an exaggerated alert response in addition to a state ofHypervigilia is finally necessary to add that neutral stimuli such as closing a door or the fall of an object can be transformed into threatening stimuli and the patient reacts with regional symptoms and can trigger triggering invading phenomena

 Prevalence:

The prevalence of PTSD in the world population is 1 to 4% (7). It varies according to factors such as the type of stressful event, age or sex (8-9). Savin et al., 1996 (10), reported in Thailand a PPEPR prevalence of 71.7% in Cambodian children of the refugee camp, while Sack and Cols. (11), reported a 50% PTSD prevalence in children of equal origin. In Colombia there are few PTSD prevalence studies;The 2nd National Study of Mental Health and consumption of psychoactive substances of 1997 (12) showed a prevalence of PTSD, once in life, in young people of 4.3%. If the PTSD does not receive proper treatment, a permanent deterioration of individual and social functioning (13-14) can evolve (13-14). 

In a more recent investigation, Kessler at (2005) conducted a national comorbidity study with 9200 subjects interviewed, and found that the prevalence of PTSD was 6.8%. This study included individuals who had not experienced trauma. These findings are similar to 7.8% prevalence of the population found in the Kessler et al. 

Conclusions.

The Center for Disease Control in a study comments that in studies carried out in Vietnam veterans they find a comorbidity of 66% with affective or anxiety disorders cited in Carvajal, 2002);Also the Kessler RC team, Sonnega A, Bomet E, Hughes M, Nelson CB.  They found that posttraumatic stress in a 51.9 It is associated with alcohol abuse in men in addition to 48% had major depression, a 43.3% had behavior disorder in men, 30% had simple phobia and 28% social phobia by 27.9% of women had alcohol abuse in addition to 22.4% of women had agoraphobia.