Women’S Politicization Process In Latin America

Women’s politicization process in Latin America

There is talk of a politicization process when there are social inequalities and, these are climbing to be a social conflict since those affected by inequalities realize that they need to raise their voice so that this situation is over, to be heard by the rest by the restof society or authorities. The affected group must organize to make it clear what its demands are and what its proposals are, and thus achieve the conflict to the public stage so that the State begins to make decisions for the benefit of citizenship. In this process social actors arise that are proclaimed against change in society, and that is when politics enters as a regulator of the tensions created.

Feminist movement in Mexico

Throughout the history of Mexico, numerous feminist movements have happened that have made great advances towards the recognition of women’s rights. They began in 1910, together with the Mexican Revolution, it was a women’s club called "The daughters of Cuauhtémoc", who sought female suffrage;Subsequently, they joined Francisco I. Madero to lead a protest against the government of Porfirio Díaz Mori.

One of the great feminist of the time of the Mexican Revolution was Hermila Galindo who, being a secretary of Venustiano Carranza, sent a petition to Congress, asking for political rights for women, arguing that, in the 1913 Guadalupe plan, there was talk of thesame rights for all Mexicans. But when the 1917 Constitution was created, its request was not taken into account because it was said that women did not need to participate in politics affairs.

Years later, Hermila Galindo ran as a candidate for deputy of the fifth district of Mexico City, winning by majority;But then, Electoral College, did not recognize its triumph.

The first steps to achieve female suffrage began in 1923, in the state of Yucatan, with Governor Felipe Carrillo Puerto, who recognized the right to vote and be voted for women;And three women won the elections for deputies of the local Congress. This did not last long since, in 1924, it was shot by a group of conservatives. Consequently, to this, the deputies had to leave the charge for death threats of the same group. Ten years later, President Lázaro Cárdenas launched a reform initiative that would allow women to vote, but had no follow -up because the National Revolutionary Party (currently ‘PRI’), argued that women would be persuaded by priests to change their votes.

Finally, when reaching the presidency Adolfo Ruiz Cortines, the National Action Party asked him to continue with the Cárdenas initiative to grant political participation to women. In 1953, the Constitutional Reform in which political rights to women were granted in the Official Gazette. This is how the suffrage and political participation of women were achieved, based on a social conflict of inequality that was politicized.

At present we face various inequalities in gender equity. Recently various protests occurred in Mexico City, where feminist organizations gathered to make a mass mobilization. It is required to end gender violence that women live today in the country;This based on the various cases of abuse of women and, a specific case, was that of a teenager who was allegedly violated by four police in Mexico City. This is a clear example of how an inequality, in the case of women, scale to the public sphere in search of resolution and with a claim to the authorities to be met their demands. If it were not for politics as a tool for regulation, this conflict would not have managed to be heard by the authorities that can take their demands. During the development of the demonstration in the city the feminist representatives affirmed that there are political actors that are pushed to the conflict being politicized, this because many of the demands of feminist movement goes against the conservative ideology, as they expressed that there wereOther actors such as governors and mayors who do not assume their role in resolving the conflict that is to say that the petition fold of mobilization is not only for the specific case of Mexico City but also for the whole country. Feminist protests made the head of government manage to make dialogue tables to address the situation in the city, however they failedand with violence against women.

It is also part of the politicization of social conflicts that political parties take over the movements to make them see on the side of the movement so that if they get to have any achievement, they can also say victorious them, a similar case is when they achieve theWomen’s suffrage The deputies of the PAN and today they awarded this achievement, but if it had not been how Ye was mentioned by all the events of promoting women to women, the achievement had not been reached, in the case of the protestFeminist of 2019 are doing it very not to let any political party take over their movement