Article Review 2

The discovery of the famous fossils of Neanderthals was in the ultimate Neander Valley in German. The exact place where these fossils were found is not known since it is postulated that the place was near Dusseldorf in Germany. The Neanderthals, in essence, were known to be in existence 100, 000 years ago, and were understood to attack often people who used to live in Europe and the Near East.
Recent research conducted after the discovery of a variety of fossils in last twenty years has disapproved various studies that were done earlier of the Neanderthal man. These studies used to claim that the Neanderthals were physically semi-erect and had heavy caricatures as humanity. With the discovery about their anatomy, and also their intellectualism, it has been concluded that the Neanderthals are as superior as human. By this virtue of superiority, the Homo sapiens have had a new member added to its species (Neanderthals).
However, even if the Neanderthals have been placed hand-in-hand with the humans, it is of importance to understand that there lie some forms of anatomical differences between the two. These anatomical differences are the reason as to why certain behaviors are adopted for survival to take place. By saying this, we can compose our thinking towards what made Neanderthals 100,000 years ago Superior, and later on, what ensued for them to be replaced by humans approximately 35,000 years ago.
Therefore, meaning that, there were certain features of the Neanderthal’s anatomy or the immediate environment that later on became inadequate regarding to natural selection.

On the other hand, as humans came into being, something influenced their behavior to survive and to prosper by virtue of natural selection.
Archeological materials also try to explain to us that the Neanderthals are involved in hunting activities, and also possessed the Middle Paleolithic stone tool technology. It is also emphasized that the not only the Neanderthal male was built, but also the Neanderthal females are strongly built. The evidence of these structures regarding the skeletal framework also the enormous size they possessed was found in Iraq at the Shanidar Cave. Moreover, between the year 1953 and 1960, the fossils were excavated by an anthropologist from the Columbia University known as Ralph Solecki.
The Neanderthals are acknowledged for the harsh and unbearable hard times they used to live. This statement can be supported by the injuries that were persistent in the Shanidar Neanderthals. Shanidar 1 was understood to have suffered various injuries ranging from the left eye socket to having pathologic changes on the right side of the body. Shanidar 1 also had arthritis in the right leg, therefore; making it difficult to walk and forage for food.
On the other hand, the Shanidar 3 was predicted to have died out of a rib wound and also arthritis in the ankle on the right leg. Just as the Shanidar 1, Shanidar 3 died a horrible and gruesome death marred with pain. Shanidar 4 and Shanidar 5 were also assayed to have gotten injuries of a broken rib and blow across the left forehead respectively. All these injuries that Neanderthals befell were utterly malicious but, the research shows that they were all accidental.
Archeologists have time-and-again stated that the injuries of the Neanderthals were plainly accidental and that these people had no sign of violence in between them. They were understood to live in an environment that was extremely harsh, and this aspect contributed to the many injuries. In addition to that, the reason as for why they had big masses in terms of body physicality was in order to tackle the hardships the environment according to them.
Apart from the most of the Neanderthals dying from injuries, Shanidar 2 and six were documented to have died at a very young age, which was before reaching 30 years. These two Neanderthals’ fossils were assessed, and they seemed to lack any form of trauma, indicating that something else was the cause of death. Their death could as well be associated with the exacerbated harsh and dangerous conditions which later on led lack of food and water.
Discussion
At the beginning, we came to decipher that the Neanderthals have very sturdy anatomy ranging from massiveness in legs to well-built muscles and ligaments. Their skeletal morphology was properly reinforced to maintain gait and locomotion. The fossils furthermore indicated that the Neanderthals are physically adapted like that because of the vigorous muscular activities they were undertaking.
In conclusion, we can easily discern that, the Neanderthals were totally the modern humans by virtue of how they lived their lives. They were very adaptive in the hostile and hard living where they took care of each through hunting escapades. We can also give massive respect to these people by the way they had respect for one another through per taking in intentional burials of the dead. During these ceremonies, others were witnessed giving offerings to celebrate the souls of the dead. The Neanderthals were remarkable people since they lived in peace, and never tolerated any form of violence among one another.