Causes And Risk Factors In Breast Cancer

Causes and risk factors in breast cancer

The reasons why breast cancer develops are unknown. But specialists from the (Spanish Association against Cancer, 2018) and by the scientists of (Cancernet, 2018) identified some reasons why it is possible to acquire this type of cancer and are:

• Age.- One of the primary causes for which a woman acquires this pathogen, because as the years go by and a woman reaches a mature age she can acquire breast cancer.
• Genetics.- The genetic history in men and women, plays a primary role when acquiring some pathology either some type of cancer or other disease, thanks to gene studies we can provide information to know if a man or woman is prone to sufferThis pathology.
• Reproductive factors.- These situations increase the chances of acquiring this type of cancer and are;That at an early age the rule has appeared in women, even that the woman is late.
• Previous breast cancer.- Having already detected this pathology before and that it has been treated by specialist does not mean that he or the patient does not get cancer again, on the contrary, having suffered before this pathogen increases the indices of suffering again it.
• Breast density.- The denser is the breast fabric makes it harder to be able to detect this type of cancer.

Age and obesity are reasons that increase the fact of suffering again this pathogen, exposure to ionizing radiation and eating alcohol exaggerated is also a reason why this pathology is acquired.

Symptoms

The appearance of strange packages in the breast is one of the most frequent signs that a woman acquires breast cancer, usually does not cause pain. Other symptoms are alterations in the skin of the breast, peeling or detachment of the skin, appearance of forms of dimples or small holes in the skin that covers the breast. (Spanish Association against Cancer, 2018).

In an initial phase or pre -clinic phase, where it does not present any type of symptom, and this may be due to the fact that the lesion is in a very small portion. Together the years go by this pathology becomes visible in diverse ways and in the form of nodules or packages that are palpable, there are records that may or may not generate pain, this being the symptom that occurs from frequent morning. When the tumor increases in size, it does so with some irregularities around the breast, which can be preceded by immobility, nipple contraction, skin alterations such as redness. Even in some cases you can see secretions with blood or pus, produced by the nipple. (Spanish Association, 2018)

However, the Spanish School of Cantabrian in 2019, thanks to their research carried out by specialists, presents the following symptoms for breast cancer such as hardening, cleft, eruption, redness or ardor, unknown fluid, gaps, protuberance, growing vein, sinking of the sinking of thenipple, asymmetry, orange skin and internal bulk. (Cantabrian Health School, 2019)

Types

Angiosarcoma

Inflammatory breast cancer.- This cancer is too aggressive, since it develops very quickIt makes faster. (Cantabrian Health School, 2019)

Male breast cancer

“As in women, the causes of their development are not completely known, although age, a family history with breast cancer, certain genetic mutations (Brac2 and Brac1), hormonal alterations or exposure to ionizing radiation can be reasons that influenceat the time of appearance. Between 15-20% men with breast cancer have close family history of this pathology. Likewise, the sisters and daughters of patients with breast cancer have a two -to -three risk to contract this disease. Its treatment has great similarity to women’s breast cancer, although preferable surgical treatment is mastectomy.”(Spanish Association, 2018)

• Ductal carcinoma in situ.- This is located in the breast ducts through which the milk reaches the nipple, it has to be detected in time, since it can develop metastasis and originate cancer. (Spanish Association against Cancer, 2018)
• Lobular carcinoma in situ.- It is filtered in the same way that ductal carcinoma with the difference that this goes from the lobules to the adipose tissue. (Spanish Association against Cancer, 2018)
• Breast inflammatory carcinoma.- This type is known for being one of the most aggressive due to the fact that its increase in tumor size occurs accelerated. Called inflammatory at the moment when cancer cells obstruct the lymphatic vessels, the same that are evident in the outer tissue of the breast, the same that takes an appearance similar to the orange peel due to their thick and hooked appearance. (Cuidateplus, 2015)
• Breast Paget.- This appears in the halo and nipple the skin of it begins to peel and acquires a reddish tone. (Cuidateplus, 2015)

Stages

According to Breastcance researchers in 2018, they detail the states or states of breast cancer as the following:

• State 0.- The cells are in the breast duct and do not attack the tissue
• IA state.- The tumor grows cancer begins to extend there is no condition to the ganglia
• State Ib.- Small cancer cells are observed in lymph nodes
• STATE IIA.- There is no tumor in the breast, cancer cells appear in the armphy lymph nodes.
• State Iib.- The tumor can measure up to 5 centimeters and its spread is given by axillary lymph nodes.
• State II.- There is no tumor detection in the breast cancer is possessed in axillary lymph nodes or in the ganglia near the sternum.
• STATE IIIB.- The tumor grows and spreads through the chest wall or its external tissue.
• State IIIC.- There are no signs of cancer in the breast, the nodule presents variability in size and invading the chest wall or breast skin.
• State IV.-Cancer reaches the metastasis stage, which is secreted in different bodily areas. (Breastcancer.Org, 2018)

Detection

Specialist doctors should be consulted when exams should be performed to be able to detect breast cancer early.

self-examination is of the utmost importance to verify that there are no changes in the breast and having been able to go immediately with a doctor.

Mammography is the best exam to be able to detect breast cancer in its beginnings, it has been shown that through this exam the mortality of this disease has been reduced.

Digital mammography or 3D mammography are very useful to detect this type of cancer, especially in women with dense breasts.

Treatments

For patient care suffering from medical breast cancer specialists from different areas such as surgeons, oncologists or oncological doctors who treat all kinds of cancer work together with other professionals in order to create some way to completely treat the patient with differentTypes of procedures.

When creating plans, it is specified in which state is the cancer and the plan created to be able to treat the same. The purpose of creating these plans that any doctor can review their background and can attend it.

There are many aspects that must be taken into account as the way that cancer behaves personally so that different treatment is carried out in each person and also depend on other factors such as the subtype of the tumor and state in thehormonal receptors, tumor status, person’s age, the state of health in general.

There are many ways in which breast cancer develops, so there is a specific treatment for each patient there are general procedures to be able to treat breast cancer in an initial state.

Specialist doctors usually recommend undergoing surgery to remove the tumor, the end of surgery is to remove all the cancer that is visible in this intervention, the breast fabric surrounding the tumor is also removed.

Since some cancer cells are microscopic in some cases a second surgery is needed to completely remove the remaining cancer cells.

For patients who suffer from more aggressive breast cancer or in those who propagate faster specialists create plans where chemotherapies or hormone therapy can be included before subjecting the patient to surgery.

The benefits by subjecting different procedures to a patient may be to keep the breast taking into account that the tumor reduces its size.

The intervention is much simpler if the tumor reduces its size, applying other treatments can be more effective, since not all types of cancer grow in the same way.