Disability – Education For All

Disability – EDUCATION FOR ALL

Summary

This article explains the origin of disability and develops what are the causes of some disabilities and how could it be avoided, having timely information of the same. Already having people with disabilities in our society, the State guarantees, social inclusion and integral educational inclusion giving way to education for all with the same rights and equal opportunities.

Introduction

The present research aims to explain the origin of disability and the treatment given from ancient times and develop the etiology of disability making known what are the most common causes, such as preventing them with information in time. In addition to knowing the types of disability and syndromes that occurs in certain stages of life.

It is important to mention that in ancient times people with disabilities were very discriminated against by society, they did not have a decent treatment, they did not have a decent treatment and all their rights were violated. Over time things were changing, creating laws that could change this situation in all countries, in our country with the new Law 223, people with disabilities already have equal treatment in society and without discrimination. Asserting the full exercise of their rights.

On the other hand, the new Education Law comes to change certain educational models where education is given for all, taking into account people with disabilities providing education for diversity.

It is here where you can include and integrate students with disabilities to classrooms, making them participate with the help of the curriculum adapted to each need that arises. In addition, having different resources from new technologies to be applied in people with disabilities.

Disability

It is said that the origin of disability was religious, because in ancient times people with disabilities were a damage to society and for this reason they marginalized and considered them as possessed by the demon or simply killed them thus violating all their rights all their rights. With the arrival of Christianity they were no longer so marginalized allowing them to live as an object of charity, after the Renaissance the real hospitals arise improving their life condition, so on with the passing of time the models were changing and the person with disabilities was improving their conditionLife, society already made themselves known, therefore, each country has a model and laws that protect this population from people with disabilities. A person with disabilities is one who has restriction or absence of the ability to perform a normal activity in their daily lives due to the disability that it presents.

In our country, Law 223 of 02-March-2012 in favor of persons with disabilities indicated in article 2 subsection A and B is promulgated, protecting, protecting and ensuring full enjoyment in conditions of equality and promoting respect for their respect for theirEquality In addition to social inclusion where people with disabilities have the right to labor insertion in public and private entities.

Causes of disability

The etiology of disability indicates the origin and causes of certain disabilities since these could occur in the prenatal, postnatal and neonatal period being important to know the cause of a disability, since this will help to work and intervene with the child whopresent some disability.

Prenatal causes, among these we have congenital defects, deformations, malformations, syndromes, anomalies and infectious agents among others. Perinatal causes are premature birth, hypoxia, infections, anoxia, infectious trauma. Post native causes are tumors, accidents, trauma, infections and diseases. If only pregnant women could receive information about the causes of disabilities in the prenatal, postnatal and neonatal stage, many of these could be prevented, providing extensive information to take into account what are the causes of disability in a person.

On December 3, the International Day of People with Disabilities is remembered. It is said that 1000 million people live some type of disability, seeing these data, it can be said that now people with some type of disability have more accessibility and possibility than before, because now the law covers them and are now taken into account insociety, asserting their rights and equality, since inclusion no longer discriminates.

Disabilities types

• Intellectual disability
• Visual disability
• Hearing disability
• Cognitive impairment
• Mental disability
• Disability deaf blindness
• Motor disability
• Down’s Syndrome
• Asperger syndrome
• Autism

Some of these are developed below:

Intellectual disability is one that has limitations in certain areas of intellectual development, which affects their learning and in all its activities of the child since it will not learn quickly, everything will depend on the degree of intellectual disability that the person presents the person being able to be mild, moderate or serious.

In addition, people with intellectual disabilities do not easily relate to other people, they are not always happy, they have their own emotional appearance, they also have interests and needs of their age. Therefore, they have the same right as other children to study in any educational unit, as long as it is a mild or moderate disability, while children with severe intellectual disabilities must attend a special school for this condition.

It is very important to know how to interact with people with intellectual disabilities among which we have:

• Simple language
• Avoid complex phrases
• Do not use children’s tone
• Avoid over protection to be independent
• Use visual resources that represent concepts

Cerebral palsy, is a neurological disorder that permanently affects the movement of a person, the weakness of one of the limbs or the entire body. It is said that in the world there are 17 million person with cerebral palsy, in addition that it is the most common disability of childhood. Cerebral paralysis can affect different parts of the body such as quadriplegia, diplejia and hemiplegia, the most common causes are caused by brain injuries during childbirth or pregnancy, early childhood.

Among the most common symptoms are sensitive, cognitive problems, communication, perception and behavioral disorder.

The associated deficit is: one in three can walk, one in four cannot speak, one in six has babeo problems, one in four has deafness problems, one in ten has visual problems, and one of each of eachfour have urinary incontinence.

Down Syndrome, Down Syndrome is a genetic alteration, the people who possess it have 47 chromosomes instead of having 46. There are no degrees in Down syndrome, but it entails a serious characteristics that vary between people, because each one has different skills than each other.

It is said that 60% of people with Down Syndrome are in private and fiscal schools getting the baccalaureate with the support of a tutor.

Asperger Syndrome, is a developmental disorder that affects the ability to socialize with others correctly, the most common causes can be genetic, environmental or abnormalities of the brain. This syndrome is not a disease, it is simply a neurological condition, having difficulty recognizing others, routines are their guarantee of tranquility, they do not like surprises, they have trouble understanding abstract concepts. The characteristics are similar to autism but it is not the same, therefore there is many times there is a confusion in its diagnosis due to its similarity.

Autism, autism is a spectrum disorder (ASD) is an affectation of neurological development that manifests itself in the first three years of life, communication with others deteriorates, they live in their own world, turn and get over itself,Reject physical contact, shows an unusual attachment to objects, it is difficult for him to continue instructions. It is said, that one in 300 Latin American children has autism and occurs four more times in men than in women.

After having detailed the etiology and the types of the disabilities that are presented for different causes, we can be more aware of it, if the appropriate information would be received and in time to be able to prevent them from some of them, for this it would be needed that in the centersHealth where they are treated can provide this information and guide women in gestation, how they should take care of themselves and what medication should not be taken, what they should not consume in their pregnancy and other details more.

Already with the passing of time it can be seen that people with disabilities are no longer treated or marginalized as before, when their rights were violated and were not taken into account in society, where discrimination was seen in the face of their condition of not being able to developthe daily activities of life due to some deficiency that he presented and that limited him to performing some activity.

With the new laws created in different countries, a better treatment is achieved and discrimination against people with disabilities is eliminated, they also achieve their inclusion to society. Without going far, in our country the new Law 223 is created for people with disabilities, this indicates that full enjoyment must be ensured, under conditions of equality and respect for its dignity must be promoted.

It also says that they must be included in public and private institutions, which is being given in our country, you can see people with disabilities working in public entities and also in some private, demonstrating full participation in society in equal opportunities inAll areas.

On the other hand, the new Avelino Siñani Elizardo Pérez Education Law is created, where in article 17 in its paragraph 3, which indicates the following: “Ensure that people with disabilities, have a timely, pertinent and integral education in equalopportunities and with equalization of conditions, through the development of policies, plans programs and education projects that inclusive education and the exercise of their functions ”.

It is then, where this new educational model takes into account all people with disabilities, thus becoming all the educational units of the country in inclusive thus assuming to diversity. Therefore, education is inclusive because it is integrated, students with different abilities are admitted, making them participate in the class with the support of curricular adjustments.

Curricular adjustments in educational units are the basis to be used in children with some disability, since these are a set of resources, strategies that educational units must create to respond to certain needs, these modifications to the meshCurriculum helps to cover the needs of each boy and girl.

While education is inclusive in our country, it is still for everyone to see many access difficulties in educational units where there is no good infrastructure for the access of people with disabilities.

The use of ICTs for people with disabilities

The use of new technologies as a resource to work and be applied in people with disabilities, being a great alternative since we can grab these to be used as support within the classroom as a strategy for the teachers and the motivation for the/Students arriving thus having an education for all having the same opportunities, having accessibility to a great variety of computer resources for the teaching -learning process.

Bibliographic references

• Paniagua g. Marínela. (2019) "Infographics Module III of the Master’s Education Inclusive UPEA"
• Ministry of Education. (2012) "Law 070 Avelino Siñani-Elizardo Pérez"
• Ministry of Communication. (2012) "General Law for People with Disabilities"