Economic Policies After The Independence Of The Thirteen Colonies

Economic policies after the independence of the thirteen colonies

Introduction.

The present research work aims to analyze and contrast the changes in politics and economy that the English colonizers established in North America during the seventeenth century, which is why the following research question arises. The methodology that will be used will be based on the evaluation of sources through the values and limitations of these with the objective of making research more objective and impartial.

The book "The formation of North America" is a source of secondary origin, was written by the historian and American scientific disseminator Isaac Asimov. The writer’s purpose is to expose the history of American colonization from primitive times to 1763, starting from the life of indigenous people in North America and ending in the total English conquest of 1763 in the current United States.

As a value of the source, the author belongs to the country of origin in which the facts were developed because he is nationalized American and was interested in investigating the history of his country, so he developed his research based on very good sources of primary origin andsecondary, therefore, that collection of information gives relevance to the analyzed text.

One of the limitations is that the author divides the text into many separated content into sub -themes causing information that is quite general, which makes the text not present a selective use of proper information.

The book "The open veins of Latin America" is a source of secondary origin, was written by Uruguayan journalist Eduardo Galeano. In his writing, the purpose is to clearly know the history of Latin America, for this reason information on different political, economic and social issues is provided. As value, the author exposes different issues from different points of view, it is worth mentioning that the author is not an American and was interested in writing the history of Latin America including North America, for this reason there is a clear interest in this research work.

As a limitation, the author is one of the most influential writers of the Latin American left which makes the source so objective in terms of political and social issues of North America causing the source to lack some extent to some extent of objectivity.

Developing.

The colonization of North America was an event of great relevance in the history of Europe and America, because from that crossing of cultures a new nation is born that is now known as the United States. For this research work, the political and economic establishment that the English introduced in North America will be taken into account.

According to Galeano, the colonization of North America was very different from that of South America, “New England settlers (…) never acted as colonial agents of European capitalist accumulation: from the beginning they lived at the service of their owndevelopment and development of your new land ".

 In other words, English settlers settled in North America without the need to cause wars against the natives, however, this situation was changing as English settlements were growing, in addition to another factor that influenced the colonization for colonizationIt was different was the role of the crown, because this did not have so much participation in the formation of its colony in the New World.

On the other hand, English settlers sought to settle in North America creating a new state that will propitiate a new life opportunity away from the Catholic extremism that was lived in England, that is why “the thirteen colonies of the North served as mouth to the armyof European peasants and artisans that metropolitan development was launching outside the labor market ”(Galen, 1971, p. 124). It should be emphasized, that the English established a form of trade based on slave labor that allowed them to have a surplus of raw material and labor force.

In the economic aspect, the English managed to establish a system of cultivation of the indigenous people in that area, this due to “an Indian, called Squanto, who had learned English during his stay in London (…) helped the settlers instructing them in theIndian agricultural methods ". The majority of plantations in the English colonies were based on tobacco, tea and grains, much of this production was exported to England, which as a consequence made the English colonies be strongly dependent on the crown of England.

On the other hand, unlike the American territories of the South, North America did not have gold, silver or large indigenous civilizations that are predisposed to work, in addition, the fertility of the earth was scarce, that is why, “the colonies of the colonies of theNorth produced under the weather and the characteristic of soils, exactly the same as British agriculture ”. 

This was a reason for England to establish economic freedoms to the English colonies showing to tolerant of industrial development allowing a more foreign business to be carried out with a surplus that supplied the different states within North America.The English colonies also played an important role for the English crown to get rid of the unemployed people mostly Puritans that King Carlos I considered unusable and a weight in society, that is why, “the settlers took with themNew England to the company and the government ". This also explains why the crown did not invest in colonization, in addition, with these new territories it was sought to expand the market which was going to provide England with a series of wealth based on agriculture through the exploitation of the American land.

As to the natives of America at the beginning they were accepted and were stripped of their lands so that you are colonized, however, they were used as labor for the land in the form of slavery. As mentioned above as the colonies extended in the American territory, they occupied the land of the Indians inhumanly, in some cases indigenous colonies were exterminated, in other cases, some colonizers such as Williams treated the Indians "as if they had all the worth and rights of Europeans;In compensation, the Indians always treated him well ”.

As for political freedoms, “the political administration of the colonies (…) in the beginnings were controlled by variants of the King’s Privy Council. In 1686 the Dominion of New England, a union of colonies under the channeling of the English crown ”was established”.The policy in the English colonies establishes freedoms between the different states, that is, the different states have different governments according to their needs. 

In England there were 13 colonies each with their own laws that favor them depending on the characteristics of diverse populated, different economic activities in the north and the south made the colonies opted for their own elaboration of laws and a more distributed power within theNorth American territory, in addition, the settlers had the freedom to choose their representatives, unlike the Spanish territory where power was more centralized in some way.

In addition, in terms of miscegenation an American settler could not be compared to a European English, it did not reach the same social status, nor the same benefits even being upper class. As for the Indians, "to favor the process of conversion of the natives to Christianity, the assembly discuss that each city or municipality" obtain "" by just means "a certain number of native children to educate them in that religion and civilize them" (Vázquez, 2010, p.twenty)

A social problem that England had with its 13 colonies was the lifting of its colonizers dueThe settlers, that is why the settlers ‘would not resign to tolerate the laws of Great Britain that limited the territories that could colonize, or that coerced their economy for the benefit of the British manufacturers or that imposed taxes on their Antojo’.

conclusion.

In conclusion, the English established political and economic freedoms in North America to the point of turning the thirteen colonies into their new lifestyle, obtaining land and a clearer political and social landscape, in addition, they established political and economic reforms that allowedThe rapid industrial advance in what is now known as the United States, however, to establish this new lifestyle they had to shed many indigenous communities, despite this, the English obtained great economic and political potential.

The present research work arose from the personal interest about the conquest of the English in North America, the colonization was a very important event in the history of the United States and that is why I give great relevance when studying it. The methods used to carry out this research were the use of comparing and contrasting the various sources. From my perspective this is a great tool that can help historians classify information from the most relevant to the least important, in addition, this technique allows information to be impartial and not present biases.

When investigating I had the different problems and challenges for which a historian is going through in historical research, among these challenges are emotions and objectivity. Emotions play an important role in the historian, because they allow themHistorians must be kept impartial, analyze the story and not issue any type of judgment. On the other hand, scientists can verify through experiments and practices their hypotheses which makes their results safer and based on this they can create laws and theories.

I have verified and verified the particular challenges presented by the study of history based on file material. Historians follow a methodology that depends on the historical facts and records that have left their predecessors and to some extent, some of these records cannot be reliable, which compromises historical investigation to constant review and analysis. 

In addition, the story presents different points of view which makes the historian commit to choosing the side of the story that seems best. In my personal experience I chose the sources that had more impact and weight within the student field, it is also recommended.

Also, I have understood and submitted to the work of a historian by fulfilling the function of investigating, identifying, analyzing and interpreting the various sources that exist. Similarly, in this research work I chose the sources that caused me the most and those that provided me with more reliable information I could choose to develop this research work.

· Bibliographic references.

• Asimov, i. (1983). The formation of North America (1st ed.). Mexico: Mexican Editorial Alliance, S.A.
• Galeano, e., 1971. The open veins of Latin amřica. 1st ed. Mexico: 21st century.
• Linares, h. (2010). Society and Economics in the 13 English colonies of North America or North America. Retrieved 10 SEPTEMBER 2020, FROM https: // elnacimientodeclio.WordPress.com/2013/04/27/society-and-economia-en-Las-13-Colonias-Ingles-de-Norteamerica/
• Vázquez, r. (2010). Political organization and religious issue in the English colonies of North America: the cases of Virginia and Maryland. Magazine of Political Studies, N.149, 20.