Guatemala The Exporter Of Workers To The Usa. Uu.

Guatemala The exporter of workers to the USA. UU.

The human being has been constant transit. Some people move in search of work or new economic opportunities, to meet their relatives or to study. Others go to escape conflicts, persecutions, terrorism, violations or abuses of human rights. Some do it due to adverse effects of climate change, natural disasters or other environmental factors.

A migrant is defined like any person who moves or has moved through an international border or within a country, outside their usual place of residence. (United Nations S /F)

Migration turns out to be a phenomenon throughout the planet, however, it is evident that it is greater in Central America to the United States, the causes are economical. People are looking for better salaries and better job opportunities. Every day the amounts of migrants and deportations increase. Migration is an option for limited resource people to guarantee a better quality of life to your family. Guatemalans live a life full of poverty, corruption, internal conflict, insecurity, unemployment, precarious education, ineffective public services and many others;This causes migration in both adults and children who are looking for the "American dream" or to meet their relatives again.

The last statistic provided by the General Directorate of Migration of Guatemala shows that from January to October 2019 they have been returned to the country 45.960 Guatemalans, 3 thousand more than in the same period last year.

The 2018 and 2019 years have made a difference in the number of Guatemalans that migrate to the United States illegally, despite the actions undertaken by the administration of President Donald Trump. The data reveal that almost 50 % of Guatemalan migrants are young people between 18 and 25 years old, and are mainly deported from Texas and Arizona. Other figures detail which are the departments that have the highest flow of migrants, based on the number of people deported, highlighting those located in the west of the country: Huehuetenango (7,255), San Marcos (6,383), Quiché (4,670) and Quetzaltenango (4,200), followed by Guatemala (2.406), Sololá (2.017) and Totonicapán (1.917). In contrast, the departments with less flow are progress (337) and Sacatepéquez (173).

Migration is a phenomenon that currently affects all continents, has already proven to be part of the current dynamics, it should be understood that this phenomenon is because of different reasons in each context. In Guatemala, being part of Central America, a region cataloged as a bridge between the south and northern of the contine. It is not easy to define the main reason for Guatemalan migration, but a common factor can be evidenceinefficiently fails to satisfy.

The constant search to migrate underlies the need for a work that provides authentically sustainable salaries or income, in order to opt for a standard of living that in some cases is only sought to meet the first instance needs such as food (still precariously incircumstances), or in some others a higher level of living. Repeatedly, emphasis will be placed on the main reason for migration, work, to take part to the proposed by Lewis (1954, P.139) Who mentions that “workers migrate from the primary sector to industrialist motivated by salary differences. This explanation is extended to the international migration field.”Through this it is worth that people who are dedicated to agricultural work migrate in search of industrialized works to receive better salary remuneration.

In Guatemala, economic inequality has a huge gap between different social classes;This being one of the causes of disagreement by the population in relation to the high economic class. In low and lower middle class families some of the constant challenges found due to economic revenues are: malnutrition, thus causing degenerative diseases, child labor, because all members of the families must contribute economically to achieve subsist,low or non -existent access to schooling, disinterest in state affairs, constant diseases, among others. So, in most cases, the head of the family decides to look for alternatives to be able to ensure in some way the survival of their beings, this being migration.

One of the main repercussions of migrations, both regular and irregular, is the family division that exists because parents are mostly the ones who leave the country leaving the emotional bond on the one hand to be able to meet many other needs. Disintegrated families are too many, this causes psychological and emotional damage to members;Taking part from the political, it is taken into account that it is the State who should ensure the coverage of the basic needs to the entire population, not to do so is from that approach where the disinterest in the political and the political and theindifference in state decision making and even repudiation of state authorities.

Capitalism is the central axis of this phenomenon, because because of consumerism in some cases, or the false idea that "development" ensures high living levels, many times families living in agriculture and crops of theirLands do not live badly, however, capitalist aspiration is to be in first -world cities and industrialized with access to technology services to feel part of the globalized world.

Bibliographic references

• United Nations S/F
• Migration and migrants: https: // www.a.org/es/secions/issue-depth/migration/index.HTML
• Eugenia Sagastume 2019
• Guatemala holds deportees record: https: // www.Voanoticias.com/a/guatemala-migracion-deportados-eeuu-/5175183.HTML