Historical Review Of Medieval Europe

Historical review of medieval Europe

Introduction.

As we know, the medieval collective was structured through the different classes, such as: clergy;the defenders or warriors, and the people who worked the earth. Those in charge of conservation and dissemination of culture was largely. Importance should be given to the function of cleric in terms of social and political relevance as a cultured man.

Developing.

The influence of the Church was decisive in all the orders of life, according to the Church the people have been created to work, the nobility to defend the kingdoms and the clergy to spread the Christian faith.

That courtesan nobility that was pleased with adventures and love, novels were manifested where these fantastic achievements of brave knights embodied in cavalry novels or distinguished loves such as could be in the sentimental novels, next to a lover lover cortes we findProvencal poetry inspiration. As for the wise clergy, they expressed a religious literature, always from the moral and scientific point of view, at the beginning in Latin and, from the thirteenth century in Spanish.

 As for the bourgeoisie, they preferred satirical poetry and the story with the defense of the practical and prudent man, who is well rid of the most arduous dangers thanks to his ingenuity. While it is true, the traditional lyric, oral transmission was established in the Plain town, it is collected in the romance, which lost until today.

At this time there was immense concern because classical languages are used correctly, imposing Latin as the main source of expression and vehicle of knowledge for clergy, intellectuals and even students.

An important factor regarding Latin is that it linked to ecclesiastical society, intellectuals and even universities, being a language that allowed a university system in Linguistic System Daniel J. BORSTIN tells us that: many students moved from a learned community to another, without any difficulty communicating despite the different languages. The European continent had a single language for knowledge.

Adapted to everyday life, the Latin of the medieval era material the framework of ideas of those men cultivated in knowledge. The religious body had the desire to adapt ancient wisdom to transform it into an apostolate instrument. The Church benefited the enduring of Latin as an official language, however, it encouraged the practice of common language in the apostolate, aware of the progressive advances of Romance languages.

Throughout the stories of European peoples, literatures are developed, which produce large and marked features in their defined maps according to their languages. In this way Europe between wars and invasions arise nations and languages over Latin. The manifestations of medieval literature are placed in vernacular languages and largely to their history of conformation that, increasingly flexible and efficient provide literature a regulatory capacity. On the other hand, many factors influence literary, which provide you with enormous complexity.

As for the links by popular literature, it is gestated with the vernacular language and on the other hand it forms a state with the cultured literature in that the author thus incorporates into his writings. It was called a book to all written knowledge, although it is out of diverse subject, these models of educated literature, it is not understood from the current vision, not following any type of model or organization. If we take into account the value of the text does not refer to originality, but its relationship with the authorities. How could be a Greco -Roman classic or Bible texts. 

In the literature of this era there is no separation between the natural and the supernatural, they could be perceived as something everyday. There is even between literary and non -literary or between fiction and non -fiction. In the Middle Ages lyric poetry ran such a popular and cultured current. This through the coexistence of the vernacular language in its various extensions, so its slight influence could be perceived in many authors. The writings made by a popular lyric author become literature only when the instructed author performs a reworking.

In the beginning the compositions consisted of anonymous poems and were sung on the most important occasions, so that is why the first poems were called songs. These songs presented a metric structure of short verses, being able to be eight, six syllables, even combined with verses of four or five syllables, organized in stanzas forms. His most common themes are: love, nature, work, nanas, mountains, parties and, also, burlescos or satirical.

As for the love issue, it was very common to find the expression of the female voice through their feelings. These types of poems refer us to images of nature with great symbolic value. These traditional forms of symbolic language were also frequented in other romance languages, such as the Mozarabic or Galician. A clear example of this are the jarchas;which are the oldest traditional poems, they have reached us through cultured poets. 

They use cult compositions of Arabic or Hebrew, in which they make a manifestation in the form of complaint by absence of a lover, in which the young woman expresses himself to her mother or sisters, always characterized by simplicity in the story. While it is true, that, in the cantigas, in oralfeudal legitimacy and structure on the episode of a conquest, which will charge great consideration when used in the symbolism of Christianity against Muslims.

The minstrels sang the compositions of Cantares de Gesta, tending great inventive freedom, could even make history or give importance to the wonderful, add descriptions. At the time of reciting, the minstrel made a narrator at the same time so that, in his interpretation he can give prominence to the hero, highlighting his details in order to provide greater tension by introducing various dialogues, in this way he highlighted the values and anticipated actions.

conclusion.

In this period, literature played an important role in the didactic purpose and its instructions in terms of behavior and moral. Regarding literary genres, we must keep in mind that these will be closely linked to social classes, even a classification can be made based on them. The nobility consolidated in weapons could be identified with an oral poetry of vulgar and heroic language, so for this the songs of Gesta and the Epic were. 

While we have to highlight, in medieval Europe, in the German peoples, there is the singing of the Nibelungos, in the romantic epic in French and Castilian languages the singing of Roldán and the poem of mine Cid. Differentiating that in the French epic numerous songs of Gesta are preserved, of the Spanish only the poem of mine Cid, one hundred verses of the Song of Roncies Valles and the M,.