PICO Assignment

Evidence Summary Template
Name
Institution

Research Citation
Research Levels I-III
(in APA format) Population Studied
(Who was studied? What was the sample size of the study?) Results of Research Study or Systematic Review
(What were the variables? What did the researchers find?) Threats to Validity of Study
(Were there significant problems with the study? Were there reasons to doubt findings?) Implications of Study
(How can results help in caring for patients? Is more research required before we can draw conclusions?)
Ҫakar, E., Yilmaz, E., Ҫakar, E., & Baydur, H. (2017). The effect of preoperative oral carbohydrate solution intake on patient comfort: A randomized controlled study. Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing, 32(6), 589-599.
Level II 90 patients scheduled for thyroidectomy were divided into three groups. After adjusting for BMI, duration of the operation, age, and gender, the group that did not received a carbohydrate-rich drink reported significantly higher incidences of hunger, thirst, chill, mouth dryness, and headache. The study setting was a single hospital; hence, replication of results should be done cautiously.
-The study was not blinded. The use of a carbohydrate drink before thyroidectomy was shown to alleviate preoperative discomfort and early postoperative complications. Thereby, the study is important because it informs healthcare providers on effective ways of preparing patients for th yroidectomy.
Yilmaz, N., Çekmen, N., Bilgin, F., Erten, E.

, Özhan, M. Ö., & Coşar, A. (2013). Preoperative carbohydrate nutrition reduces postoperative nausea
and vomiting compared to preoperative fasting. Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 18, 827-32.
Level I 40 patients that were meant to undergo elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. -The group that received the carbohydrate drink compared to the group that did not receive the drink reported significantly higher verbal descriptive scores (VDS). -Standard measurements of outcome were used for some variables, such as anxiety. Also, standard procedures were applied.
-Adequacy of the sample size is not guaranteed.
– In view of the high quality of study and systematic procedure of the research process, the results are generalizable to the population described on the basis of the inclusion/exclusion criteria. The findings are informative and re adequate to draw a conclusion.
Singh, B. N., Dahiya, D., Bagaria, D., Saini, V., Kaman, L., Kaje, V., … Jain, K. (2015). Effects of preoperative carbohydrates drinks on immediate postoperative outcome after day care laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Surgical Endoscopy, 29, 3267-3272.
Level I 120 patients scheduled for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy were divided into three groups. -The intake of a carbohydrate-rich drink before surgery helps to alleviate adverse outcomes (nausea, vomiting, and pain) after surgery. Blinding and randomization were used to enhance the study’s validity; however, the authors are not clear about the staff’s “objective recording.” The study affirmed the efficacy of a carbohydrate-rich drink given prior to surgery.

References
Ҫakar, E., Yilmaz, E., Ҫakar, E., & Baydur, H. (2017). The effect of preoperative oral carbohydrate solution intake on patient comfort: A randomized controlled study. Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing, 32(6), 589-599.
Singh, B. N., Dahiya, D., Bagaria, D., Saini, V., Kaman, L., Kaje, V., … Jain, K. (2015). Effects of preoperative carbohydrates drinks on immediate postoperative outcome after day care laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Surgical Endoscopy, 29, 3267-3272.
Yilmaz, N., Çekmen, N., Bilgin, F., Erten, E., Özhan, M. Ö., & Coşar, A. (2013). Preoperative carbohydrate nutrition reduces postoperative nausea and vomiting compared to preoperative fasting. Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 18, 827-32.