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Crisis Intervention
Name:
Institution:

DS 1
Crisis counselors often work with people in distress and those in need of psychological, medical or legal interventions. Working with such people necessitates a calm demeanor and steady disposition. Crisis counselors aim at rehabilitating trauma casualties through a variety of intervention programs and controlling their fretfulness by helping them build new coping skills (Miller, 2012). To do so, crisis counselors have to be well trained, possess excellent interpersonal and communication skills, team players, realistic, empathetic, energetic and resilient, assertive, creative, flexible and optimistic (Dreeke, 2011). Additionally, an effective crisis counselor should not react to clients’ threats or outbursts. Of these skills, I believe I am a great team player, empathetic, assertive, flexible, creative and optimistic. However, for me to be more helpful in crisis situations, I will need to be better trained on how to handle crisis victims, improve my communication and interpersonal skills and be more resilient.
DS 2
Robert’s ACT model
Developmental-Ecological model
Multidimensional model
Triage assessment model
Critical Incident Stress Debriefing (CISD)
This ranking has been influenced, primarily by the factors considered when dealing with traumatic cases, as well as the duration that the model uses before delivering results. The variables addressed by the models determine the efficacy of the intervention. It is also true that a model that takes more time to address traumatic events has better outcomes than one that uses less time.

The ACT model, for instance, considers almost all spheres of the stressful incident, while CISD is merely a combination of phases aimed at disseminating information to victims within approximately 45 minutes (Levers, 2012). This ranking would change if I were attending to a client of a different culture. To address cultural differences, I would prefer to use the developmental-ecological model so as to factor in the client’s environmental context. The second would be the ACT model, and the rest of the ranking would remain unchanged.
The developmental-ecological model would address the client’s issue by considering affect, cognition, behavior, development and the environment. This model ensures that all dimensions of the client’s situation are addressed and an effective remedy produced. It would enable me to determine the affective responses such as fear, sadness, anger and confusion. Behavioral responses such as immobility, inaction or fatal actions would allow me to determine how well the client was coping. Cognitive responses add more information on coping, perception and the meaning the client assigned to the incident (Gilliland & Cloud, n.d). The ecosystemic outlook allows for cultural and ethnic considerations, family, friends and other affiliations. This would yield essential data on the most appropriate remedy for the client’s situation.
DS 3
Rapport refers to a condition of harmonious understanding between individuals or groups that facilitates easier and greater communication. In some instances, rapport may occur naturally without any effort from either party. Nonetheless, rapport may be built, developed and maintained by finding a common ground, creating a bond and showing empathy (AIPC, 2009). In the case, the lady is obviously stressed out. Her concentration and contribution in the conversation is limited. I would first try to find a common ground. I would do so by using open-ended questions to find out her personal information, which would make her more relaxed and comfortable. Being sincerely empathetic to her situation is a vital step in building rapport and inviting the lady into the dialogue. Empathy denotes an understanding of others by envisioning things from their standpoint and acknowledging their sentiments. In addition, I would mirror her spoken language, body language and speech patterns. Lastly, I would listen carefully to her sentiments, demonstrate thoughtfulness and validate her thoughts and opinions.
Acknowledging that diverse emotional states and mindsets necessitate different interventions is the first step in showing flexibility. In this case, I would portray my ability to adjust to her situation. This calls for empathy to show the client that I understand her situation. Additionally, I would validate her thoughts and opinions. I would neglect my ego and the human need to correct other people and instead, show her that she is right in whatever she is thinking. Active listening and using open-ended questions would allow the lady to open up, rather than letting her answer only what I need to know (Hemati, 2007).
To help the woman bear with the disaster, I would use the Critical Incident Stress Debriefing method to help he deal with her crisis. First, I would give her information on what she is supposed to expect. This would be followed by another phase in which I would encourage her to talk about her feelings concerning the incident. Lastly, I would suggest various coping mechanisms and help her re-enter the world.
DS 4
The first thing that I would advise Bill is that he should accept his sexual orientation and be bold enough to answer any questions that might arise from the group members. The best approach that I would recommend is that he should avoid being defensive, now that he has accepted the fact that he is gay and that he is HIV positive, he should as well be ready to face any form of criticism. He should, therefore, work on his self-esteem as it is the first towards facing people in such a critical situation. Being gay and at the same time being HIV positive is a problem that would affect my feeling. I would be hurt to see a person facing such a difficult situation. At times I would feel pity for him but the fact that he has taken such a bold step would make me feel that he is a strong person. My concern would be how I could be of help to him. My assistance to Bill would be helping him to work on his self-esteem. I would try to offer advice in the best possible way (Jacobs, 2012).

References
AIPC. (2009). Strategies to Build Rapport with Clients. Retrieved July 13, 2015, from http://www.aipc.net.au/articles/strategies-to-build-rapport-with-clients/
Dreeke, R. (2011). It’s not all about “me”: the top ten techniques for building quick rapport with anyone. Place of publication not identified: Robin K. Dreeke.
Gilliland, B. & James, R. (2013). Crisis intervention strategies. Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning.
Harvey, K., & Cloud, L. (n.d.). NADD Bulletin Volume I Number 3 Article 2. Retrieved July 13, 2015, from http://thenadd.org/modal/bulletins/v1n3a2~.htm
Hemmati, M. (2007). Participatory dialogue : towards a stable, safe and just society for all. New York: United Nations.
Jacobs, E. (2012). Group counseling : strategies and skills. Belmont, CA: Thomson/Brooks/Cole.
Levers, L. (2012). Trauma counseling theories and Interventions. New York: Springer Pub.
Miller, G. (2012). Fundamentals of crisis counseling. Hoboken, N.J: John Wiley & Sons.