Similarities And Differences Between Clinical Psychology And Psychiatry

Similarities and differences between clinical psychology and psychiatry

The present essay aims to show the similarities and differences between the professional of clinical psychology and that of psychiatry, which is important because sometimes there is confusion among their papers, concepts of both sciences and that of professions are addressed separately, and the techniques used in the two are presented, and this analysis produced as a result the elaboration of a summary table, in which its differences and similarities are framed, mainly highlighting the authorization of the psychiatrist at the time of prescribing drugs, andThe expertise of the clinical psychologist, in the analysis of people’s behavior. All this will be done through a bibliographic review of several authors.

INTRODUCTION

Mental health is an essential element for all people, even if there is a stable and strong physical health, it is important to highlight that sometimes mental health slows the person in their daily activities, they are the most everyday and simple.

According to WHO (cited by Pelaz Antolín (2019)) health is “a state of complete physical, mental and social well -being, and not only the absence of conditions or diseases”, mental health on the other hand is defined as a state ofWelfare in which the individual is aware of their own abilities, can face the normal tensions of life, can work in a productive and fruitful way and is able to make a contribution to their community.

As stated above, mental health is an essential element in people’s daily lives, and that it enriches society, although sometimes it is not frequently taken into account, but prominence is currently being taken within the field of health, and people are taking more awareness of it. From there lies the role of two health professionals who are the clinical psychologist and the psychiatrist, where these are those who are in charge (in different perspectives) to care for, prevent, restore the mental health of the people who come to their aid.

Taking into account the link that can be generated between psychology and psychiatry in the treatment and accompaniment of a patient, as well as their differences before the fact that one is more important than the other, the need to review and establish thesimilarities and differences between clinical psychology and psychiatry.

One of the main objectives in the development of this essay is to identify the similarities and differences between clinical psychology and psychiatry. In the same way to analyze how the links that exist between both professions can help the patient.

The purpose of the bibliographic review for this essay is to make a clear difference between the work of both professions, in the same way to know the needs that the patient can have to receive accompaniment of one or another professional.

On many occasions, the role of the professional in psychiatry with the professional in clinical psychology is very confused, and tend to think that it is the same. This confusion can lead to a problem for people who feel disoriented in the management of their mental health, sometimes they can lead to people not go to any professional for not knowing what decision to make, that is why the problem posed here isThe lack of information about psychology and psychiatry causes little effective attention of people with mental disorders or mental illnesses.

It is for this problem presented, that this essay is carried out with the objective of explaining the similarities and above all the differences between psychology and psychiatry, through a bibliographic review of scientific literature.

First, the conceptualization of the two professions will be found in development, and then little by little its form of diagnosis and treatment will be analyzed, in order to establish a summary picture of differences and similarities between the two professions.

DEVELOPING

As mentioned throughout the application of psychology and psychiatry professions, confusion have been presented to the point where they are considered to be the same profession. First, there will be a brief review of the definition of each.

Psychology according to the article of the General Council of Official Colleges of Psychologists is:

A science that studies behavior taking into account all the manifestations and contexts of this.

Science that studies mental processes, sensations, perceptions and behavior of the human being, in relation to the physical and social environment that surrounds it.

While psychiatry:

It is a part of medicine that deals with the study, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of organic and non -organic mental illness.

From here we begin to see a notable difference between the two sciences, where one covers the science of behavior, establishing different parameters that can influence or converge on the behavior of a person, while psychiatry, being part of medicine mainly focuses onthe biochemical processes of the organism within the person and how they can influence the behavior of a person or the different actions performed in others.

It is important to mention that although the difference between one and the other can be clearly defined at first glance, the situation is not the same in the practice of professions in clinical psychology as in psychiatry, where they share or relate a lot, one with the other.

It is important to add two analyzes with respect to the role of the psychiatrist and clinical psychologist, in the first place the psychiatrist, as described by Escudero (2015) is responsible for diagnosing and treating mental illnesses treating them mainly from the physiological point of view, which includesThe prescription of drugs and some other medical intervention, which is necessary for the balance of the biochemistry of the brain, to repair and compensate for the physiological part that has deteriorated, also considering psychological variables with respect to the particular patient in particular.

The psychologist, who specializes in clinic, has the priority in the practice of his profession, evaluate and treat psychological problems, such as mental diseases and disorders, and mainly considers psychological rehabilitation, so he manages externallyThe treatment to modify certain functional brain operations.

In the collection of works about psychological interventions, by Achard and others (2018), it can be rescued that mainly clinical psychology (especially) which is a technique that is known in a broad way and that serves both for consultation for the consultationPsychological as for research, this technique is presented in different ways, where it depends on the stage of life in which the person interviewed goes, for example in the first stage of life that is childhood, the interviews are given toThrough the game, where according to the basic theory raised in psychology, and according to what he observes in the child, he can make assumptions about his personality, possible problems, in addition to adequate development. Thus, as this game interview, there are other types of interviews that are conducted depending on the person interviewed. It is important to mention that psychological interviews are not exclusive in the area of Psychology, because in psychiatric diagnosis they are also important.

There are several techniques that psychiatry shares with clinical psychology, such as psychological tests, personality lists according to their characteristics, which is assumed as a daily practice where both the psychologist and the psychiatrist compete with each other, in the applicationof his profession, which has undoubtedly led to which is the best of the two for the search for improvement in mental health, and precisely the College of Psychologists, argues that clinical psychology could provide greater capabilities to itsprofessionals, for the understanding of all the behavior of people, according to the theories they address throughout their career.

It is important to mention that on the one hand the psychiatrist is a doctor who specializes in mental health, while the clinical psychologist studies psychology, so throughout his career his study focuses on mind, behavior and healthmental, this as stated by Escudero.

Both in psychiatry and psychology it is shared that parameters are established for diagnosis, and the biopsychosocial approach is taken into account, which is the most frequent model employed in mental health and general medicine. This model is responsible for reviewing health and disease through a multidimensional perspective.

The following components in this perspective are taken into account:

• Biological: such as hereditary, genetic factors, intelligence, character, medical comorbidities.
• Psychological: emotional development, character, self – esteem, self-perception, its strongest features, as well as the weak.
• Social: The family structure is considered here, the place it occupies in its family environment, educational level of the parents, social and economic level, race, religion, immigration, social interaction.

This formulation model helps to understand that, although two people develop in the same family and social environment, one of the two may have one mental disorder and the other yes, or that they both have it. 

The criticism of psychiatric diagnoses and treatments, has also been developed from the perspective of the psychiatry professionals as Vega-Diesntmaler (2017) who briefly presents a question in a question in their article the improvement of applicable psychiatric treatments that sometimes, on occasion,They leave aside the biopsychosocial approach, and only focus on what books and experience indicate about mental disorders, treating them as diseases that have a specific cure, which most of the time, can worsen the situation. 

SUMMARY TABLE

Next, there is a summary picture where the main differences between clinical psychology and psychiatry are presented:

Similarities differences

Your goal is focused on improving mental health. Psychiatry treatment is mainly in the internal field in a biological way, while, in clinical psychology, improvement is sought through external techniques that modify certain patient conditions.

Use of psychological techniques such as interviews, tests, personalities lists, etc. The psychiatry professional in the first place studies medicine and then specializes in mental illnesses, instead the clinical psychologist, studies psychology and then specializes in mental illnesses.

They must take into account both genetic factors, as well as the social, family environment, to be able to practice a complete diagnosis, and consequently an effective treatment. The clinical psychologist may be better trained to address elements of behavior, based on the fact that their studies focus on the study of the mind, and know their operation better.

It is important to search for complementation, between these two health professionals, so that, in the diagnosis in a patient, there is no doubt and the most effective way to treat it is found, as the case may be. By knowing the chemical, physiological processes more completely by the psychiatry professional, it is authorized to prescribe drugs, while the clinical psychologist does not.

CONCLUSION

Highlighting the concepts that have been analyzed in this document we can rescue the following:

Both clinical psychology and psychiatry are extremely important professions for the treatment of mental disorders, and the consequent improvement in mental health, this must be taken into account for both patients and professionals, to lighten the load a bitof competition that sometimes follows, because it is believed that the other professional can take away the job, it is important to complement the two professions, and in addition to the correct practices in both, for the relevant application of their knowledge, wheretake into account the entire context of an individual to improve their mental health, and their quality of life in general.

The main difference that can be rescued between these two professions is the fact that in one of them (psychiatry) this professional is authorized to prescribe medications in the case of being necessary, while the clinical psychologist does not, but reiterating the ideaFrom the previous paragraph, it does not mean that one is better than the other, it only means that the clinical psychologist who observes within the diagnosis of his patient a physiological difficulty, has to derive it to a psychiatrist, and it is important to mention that the psychiatrist could lead to aPsychologist, when the situation merits, because psychological treatments can address psychological treatments and their other techniques with more expertise.

For the patient in general, it could be relevant to mention that it is important to look.