Cardiopulmonary System

Cardiopulmonary System
Name
Institution
Cardiopulmonary System
Q1
Pneumonia infection on the lungs is as a result of the overproduction of mucus and other fluids that leads to difficulty in breathing. The fluids block the breathing system thus leading to breathing challenges, and the body is not adequately supplied with oxygen. The patient experiences the infection in the lungs when fungi, viruses, and bacteria collect in the lungs. In the process, the immune system is unable to fight such infections caused by the organisms (Vali, Chandrasekharan, Rawat, Gugino, Koenigsknecht, Helman, Lakshminrusimha, 2017). The infection contributes to the filling of the small air sacs in the lungs referred to as alveoli with the fluid. As a result of the fluid, the lungs are not easily inflated since there is a disruption in the lung pressure. The patient experiences difficulty in breathing when the oxygen from each breath does not reach the expected body parts.
Q2
When the lungs are close to the heart, this implies that the heart is continuously supplied with oxygen without any delay. The lungs are spongy and conspicuous making it a delicate organ that can only be protected within the rib cage. The slight movement of the ribs gives the lungs the space to expand (Vali, Chandrasekharan, Rawat, Gugino, Koenigsknecht, Helman, Lakshminrusimha, 2017). The ribs are also covered in muscles which allow for the expansion of the lungs as the air is expelled. The ribcage is the only body part which is close enough to the brain and other vital organs and the only mid-point between all the organs.

The ribcage is also close to the nose, and the mouth and therefore minimal force are required to breathe in, and when something enters the lungs, it is quickly expelled to avoid the risks of moving back.
Q3
Lung volume reduction encompasses the removal of damaged parts of the lungs and thus important in helping the healthier parts of the lungs to improve in functioning (Nathan, Edwards, Barnett, Ahmad & Burton, 2004). The surgery permits the diaphragm to move back to the usual position to increase the ability of the breathing system. When the lung volume reduction surgery is done, a normal healthy person experiences an increased ability to exercise and also improved quality of life.
 

References
Nathan, S. D., Edwards, L. B., Barnett, S. D., Ahmad, S., & Burton, N. A. (2004). Outcomes of COPD Lung Transplant Recipients After Lung Volume Reduction Surgery. CHEST, 126(5), 1569–1574. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15225194&site=ehost-liveVali, P., Chandrasekharan, P., Rawat, M., Gugino, S., Koenigsknecht, C., Helman, J., … Lakshminrusimha, S. (2017). Hemodynamics and gas exchange during chest compressions in neonatal resuscitation. PLoS ONE, 12(4), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0176478