Constitution Of Cervical Cancer

Constitution of cervical cancer

INTRODUCTION

Cancer constitutes an important public health problem, where its incidence has been seen, with a growing trend. Cervical cancer is considered a health problem in the world. Its location and frequency, allows its wide study, is one of the most known neoplasms today in relation to epidemiology, Ethio Pathogenesis and natural history. It is also an important cause of premature death and years of life lost by this cause. 

Factors related to this cancer are HPV virus infection is the most considered etiological factor and is intimately related to sexual behavior.  There are four fundamental phases in the development of the CCU: the HPV infection of the metaplastic epithelium in the transformation zone, the viral persistence of the HPV, the clonal progression of the persistently infected epithelium to pre -cancerous lesions and the invasion through the basal membraneof the epithelium. The risk factors for the acquisition of HPV infection are historically associated with the start of sexual relations at an early age, high number of new or recent sexual partners and a high number of husband’s sexual partners or the male couple.

The vaginal hysterectomy process by which cancer can be treated is given by meanspostoperative, in addition it is of less hospital stay and better recovery in the patient, with early ambulation and prompt reintegration to their usual, domestic and social tasks.

Developing.

The problem of cervical cancer, which was evidenced in the 45 -year -old patient attended at the Teófilo Dávila hospital in the city of Machala in the first half of 2019.

Cervical cancer is the second most frequent in women. Being a pathology that develops in the uterus, a pear -shaped organ located in the woman’s pelvis. 

Known as matrix, the uterus is the place where the baby will reproduce when a woman is in a pregnancy period. This pathology produces abnormal vaginal secretion and bleeding, bleeding can be abnormal due to different conditions because it is abundant or at the time it occurs. In addition to jeopardly of the woman’s life, this disease is influenced in a change in image that can have psychological repercussions about itself has high probabilities of cure, but in turn they are accompanied by various side effects.

 The treatment of uterus cancer is multidisciplinary. Apply the nursing care process in patients with uterine cancer assessing coping and adaptation to the oncological treatment.

• Perform a specific case study with cervical cancer followed by a surgical procedure.
• Define the characteristics, risk factors, complications of both pathology and surgical intervention.
• Apply the nursing care process that provides a patient support system.

Several studies have shown that one of the main causes for this type of cancer to be the infection of the human papillomavirus. There is a great relationship between this virus and cervical cancer. HPV is a very frequent infection in women who have an active sex life, it is between 70% to 80% of women. The main route of transmission is sexual and the use of condom does not decrease the risk of not getting the infection. 

Nowadays more than 100 types of papillomavirus have been determined that affect both the genital part of women and also affects men. It is a process where there is growth and cells disperse in an uncontrollable way, appearing place of the body. Invade the tissue and produce metastasis in everything of the organism. There are different types of cancers that can be cured through surgery, chemotherapy or radiotherapy if detected at an early stage.

Uterus definition

It is a hollow organ that is found in the woman’s pelvis. Near them are the ovaries produced by the ovules that this will move through the fallopian tubes. The primary function of the uterus is to feed the development fetus before birth. The cervix is located in the lower part of the uterus measures between 2.5 to 3.5 cm long the cervical channel.

Cervical cancer definition

Pathology in which malignant cells are formed that forms on the tissues of the cervix. Normally it evolves slowly before cancer begins to appear on the uterine neck the cells will go through a process called dysplasia which begins to develop abnormal cells in the tissue of the cervix, then these abnormal cells will become cancerousThey will grow and spread inside the cervix and the closest areas.

CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS

This pathology does not usually present signs and symptoms. In certain cases in patients with early stage the symptoms usually appear, with advanced cancer the symptoms will be more serious depending on the tissues and organs where these cancer cells are found. The symptomatology of cervical cancer could be presented what is mild blood spots before or after menstruation, prolonged menstrual bleeding, after intercourse, genital washing or after a pelvic examination, vaginal secretion in excess.

RISK FACTOR’S

There are risk factors to suffer from breast cancer are high, among these are: sex, age, family history, this pathology can be hereditary if it has been diagnosed in first -degree relatives, personal history, endogenous endocrine factors, such as early menarche(before the age of 12).

DIAGNOSIS

If it is detected early it was treated successfully. Be advisable to go to the closest health center. Tests are Pap smear. The gynecologist scrape and brush cells that are inside the cervix and then examine in a laboratory and thus any anomaly that. The HPV test includes an analysis of cells that are extracted from cervix to be able to detect if any type of human papillomavirus is found.

Pathological analysis

Biopsy: As a first measure a colposcopy is performed during the exam. The doctor will take a sample of cervical cells will be analyzed in the laboratory. The tissue is observed by different techniques.

Puncture biopsy: pointed tools are used to take samples from the cervix tissue.

Cervical endo: a small instrument is used similar to that of a spoon where a thin brush will be repaired or used to be able to take the sample of the same cervix tissue. Image exams: X -ray, computerized tomography, magnetic resonance and positron emission tomography that will help determine if cancer is spread out of the cervix.

 TREATMENT:

•  Radiation: It can be used alone or next to chemotherapy before the surgical procedure uses to eliminate cancer cells with high energy such as X -rays or protons.
• Chemotherapy: It consists of the administration of intravenous medications to eliminate cancer cells. In low dose combinations of chemotherapy with radiotherapy. The use of high doses is to be able to control advanced cervical cancer.
•  Vaginal hysterectomy: extraction of the matrix or uterus through the vaginal cavity proceedings sure that does not usually produce deep bleeding and usually has a rapid recovery with early ambulation and with early reintegration to its usual tasks. It is the gynecological surgery that is most performed after caesarean section in women at a reproductive age. This surgical procedure takes 1 to 3 hours depending on the degree of difficulty.

Conclusions.

It should be caught when collecting information about the patient, in addition to taking into account the characteristic symptomatologies of uterus cancer, also risk factors, both personal and family history. The physical exam is of great importance that is carried out correctly by identifying the different changes in the female reproductive organ. They can be associated with pre -existing pathologies, personal pathological history that acts risk factors for complications related to surgery are taken into account. Hemorrhages, trans or postoperative, organ injuries or wound infection. Hemorrhages can be trans or postoperative.