Critical thinking (2 parts)

Student’s Name
Professor’s Name
Course
Date
Critical Thinking Paper
Part 1Q1. Rational Decision Making
Rational decision making involves the use of analysis, facts, and following of guidelines to make a decision. Rational decision making is a precise approach to decision making that is used by organizations to make decisions that are based on facts (Noorani 15). The steps followed in rational decision making are as follows:
Define the problem- The decision maker needs to define what the problem that requires decision making is. Identifying the problem in will help determine what criteria or approach will be used to solve the problem.
Identify the decision criteria-This step involves identifying the decision criteria. It involves selecting the factors that will determine the result of the decision.
Allocating weights to the selected criteria-This step involves ranking the most significant criteria for the process of decision making. The biggest weight is given to the most significant impact the decision.
Developing alternatives- This step includes coming up with alternatives that have the potential to solve the problem. The alternatives are not evaluated at this step but just listed.
Evaluate the alternatives- Here the listed alternatives identified in the previous step are evaluated to determine how they can solve the problem and the costs involved in each alternative.
Select the best alternative-After evaluating the alternatives, the alternative that best solves the problem in an effective way is selected and applied to generate the desired results.

Q2. Importance of having a code of ethics in an organization
A code of ethics is a document that outlines the values of an organization and how its employees are expected to approach problems. A code of ethics helps professionals to conduct business with honesty and integrity. A code of ethics in an organization helps to make managerial decisions by creating a basis upon which all decisions are based. A code of ethics helps to create an understanding of the organization of the limits and standards of interacting with external parties. A good code of ethics helps to create a good reputation for the organization which is very critical to the success of any business.
Q.3 Ideas that are essential while designing an organization
The essential ideas when designing an organization include
Strategy-This involves determining the business strategy the organization wishes to achieve and what are the man drivers of success.
Design criteria-This idea evaluates what the operating model of the organization would be capable of delivering the organization strategy.
Key process flows- This helps determine what core processes are required to drive the business strategy.
Organizational structure- This idea evaluates how the organization needs to be structured to achieve success and what skills and capabilities are needed.
Implementation plan- This idea evaluates how and when the new organizational design will be applied and who will lead its implementation.
Part 2: Case Study Analysis
Identification of issues: Low morale among the employees of National Industrial Products
Problem Identification Statement: Employee morale is very important to achieve success in any organization. National Industrial Products is experiencing low morale among its employees, and the management is worried that this could have a negative impact on the company if the problem is not addressed.
Development of Alternatives to Address the Problem Statement: Recognizing and celebrating employee accomplishments, mix up national’s usual way of doing things, and
Have team building activities
Evaluation of Alternatives and Recommend one: Recognizing and celebrating employee accomplishments: appreciating what employees have done could help boost their morale. Employees with outstanding performances should be recognized and celebrated by the whole organization. It will motivate other employees to achieve more to be recognized too.
Mix up National’s usual way of doing things: departing from the usual target meetings and performance reviews with the management regularly can help build employee morale. Alternatively, employees could be organized into groups holding meetings to discuss how to improve their performance.
Have team building activities; organizing team building activities such as sports day and other fun activities could help to boost the morale of employees at National Industrial Products.
Mixing up National’s usual way of doing things would be the most effective and efficient alternative.
Implementation plan of the chosen alternative: To implement the recommended alternative, the top management which includes Lawrence and Simpson needs to cooperate with departmental heads. Performance review meetings should be scheduled on a quarterly basis and departmental meetings on a monthly basis. This way the employees will not feel too pressured to achieve targets that they lose morale.
Evaluation of chosen alternative for effectiveness: The recommended alternative is cost effective since it does not involve any costs. Implantation of the alternative will go a long way in boosting the morale of employees since they will not feel intimidated by the management during performance review meetings.

Works Cited
Noorani, Hamid. Rational decision-making. Xlibris Corporation, 2010.