Energy Efficiency Of Electric Motors

Energy efficiency of electric motors

There is a boom in the investigation of electric mobility, although it is well known that the fundamental concepts of electrical mobility are already proven technologies and in a certain mature sense. Currently the need to look for new methodological alternatives, as well as tools to potentiate the use and advantages provided by electric motors has been increasing considering technological advance and taking into account primarily the basic concept of an electric motor.

An electric motor is an electric machine that transforms electricity into mechanical energy, so that it can boost the operation of a machine. This occurs thanks to the interaction of magnetic fields that are generated in the coils.

Electric engines are composed of two parts called a stator and a mobile called rotor. These engines are widely used in industrial, commercial and individual facilities, with their particularity that can work connected to an electricity supply or batteries.

The issue of energy efficiency takes great importance to the increase in the use of electrical energy where energy growth is contrasted with industrial growth. In the industrial world about 60% of electricity is ‘consumes’ in electric motors. Of these, 70% correspond to three -phase induction -type sealing engines. The efficiency of the electric motor is the relationship between the output power (mechanics) and the input power (electric).

The mechanical power output is calculated based on the torque and the required speed (that is, the power required to move the object connected to the engine) and the electrical energy input is calculated based on the voltage and the current supplied to the engine.

It is said that the vast majority of electric motors were designed for them to function between 50% and 100% of their nominal load while their maximum efficiency can be about 75% of their nominal load.

An engine is considered loaded when it is in the range where efficiency decreases with the decrease in load. When engines are overloaded they can overheat and lose efficiency in operation.

The implementation of standards that regulate the engines labeling processes have followed a series of recommendations proposed by the Labeling Collaboration Program and Appliances Standards (CLASP) of Latin America and the Caribbean, where seven sectors are identified in which they are identified in which they focusEfficiency policies and programs that apply to the use of electricity where sectors such as: lighting, cogeneration, transport, appliances, pumping systems are found and among them are electric motors.

There are two entities immersed in the world of engines the IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) and the Nema (National Electrical Manufacturers Association) that have regulated the efficiency that engines must have for commercialization establishing categories where it is essential to fulfill a certain value to locatein a certain category.

The power factor is a key point that is often discussed as a cost reduction measure, but taking into account that it is not considered as an energy savings measure.

Electrical services, in order to reduce the losses of their systems, encourage energy users to consume energy efficiently by definition of their rates based on certain parameters.

The efficiency of an engine tends to decrease dramatically below 50% of its load. However, the range of good efficiency has a variation trend in individual engines and tends to spread in a broader range for larger and higher characteristics with higher characteristics.

A proper installation, complying with specific standards and regulations for the use of electric machines offers: better service conditions, greater durability and greater advantages.

With the concept of energy efficiency taking more and more land worldwide it is essential to implement it in industrial and home applications. Nowaday.

References

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