Identify and discuss two biological variations that are common to East Indian descent.

Two Biological Variations Common to East Indians
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Two Biological Variations Common to East Indians
The East Indian origin is known for the characteristic variations in the mitochondrial DNA and Y-Chromosome. East India is made up of the North East and the South East occupants. According to Reddy et al., (2007), the mitochondrial DNA from the North East Asians revealed there were multiple mutations following insertions and deletions, compared to the [26] rCRS. The mutations interfere with flavoprotein NADH dehydrogenase, which leads to the recurrent loss of pregnancies among the women (Vanniarajan et al., 2011). Another common biological variation is on the Y chromosome. The SNPs that are common with the East Asian descent are the M95, M119 and the M122. Moreover, the study reveals that the microdeletions have led to infertility in men.
Barriers to healthcare
The barriers to healthcare among the Eat Indians are grouped I five categories. The first is the healthcare system barriers, which involves challenges such as the lack of knowledge on medical insurance. They also have difficulty in transport, since they fail to move due to the fear that they will get lost along the way because they are unable to read road signs in English. The second category is the clinic interactions, where they feel they need assistance in choosing the appropriate payment plans. The third category is the poor communication between the physician and the patients.

The clients felt that the modern medicine may fail to work. Also, the lack of the Asian languages leads to poor communication details. The fourth is the lack of education on chronic illnesses and nutrition. The clients often failed to meet doctor appointments and would not express commitment. They would also align with their culture of feeding on rice. The last group is cultural barriers where the clients lacked an acceptable sociocultural culture (Chang, Feller & Nimmagadda, 2009).
Solving the barriers
The healthcare barriers can be eliminated if the natives are recruited to the national healthcare management. Secondly, the clinic issues can be handled by employing the native Indians in the clinic. Communication issues between the patient and physician can be solved by accessing an interpreter. The solution for cultural barriers is involving the natives in cross-cultural health education of workers. Education challenges can also be addressed if there is sufficient health education (Chang, Feller & Nimmagadda, 2009).
Healthcare outcomes of the barriers.
Health system barriers lead to the impaired access to proper medical services. The challenge results in reduced access to healthcare facilities. Patient-based barriers lead to misunderstanding with the healthcare professionals. It makes the clinicians fail to diagnose the correct conditions in the patients. Physician-based barriers influence the administration of inadequate medical services. Education and cultural barriers impaired the distribution of healthcare facilities and communication respectively.
References
Chang, M., Feller, E., & Nimmagadda, J. (2009). Barriers to healthcare access in the Southeast Asian community of Rhode Island. Medicine and Health Rhode Island, 92(9), 310.
Reddy, B. M., et al. (2007). Austro-Asiatic tribes of Northeast India provide hitherto missing genetic link between South and Southeast Asia. PLoS One, 2(11), e1141.
Vanniarajan, A., Govindaraj, P., Carlus, S. J., Aruna, M., Aruna, P., Kumar, A., … & Gupta, N. J. (2011). Mitochondrial DNA variations associated with recurrent pregnancy loss among Indian women. Mitochondrion, 11(3), 450-456.