Policemen of the World Paper

Policemen of the World
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DATE @ “dd/MM/yyyy” 16/05/2015
Policemen of the World
Previous American foreign policies and interventions in different countries have given rise to a number of incidents during the course of time. While considering the occurrences of those changes and events, it is evident that the policing role of the United States is quite prominent.
Outline
1. Introduction
The very policing role has also been brought about from the civil rights movements and most importantly, after World War I. This paper will comprise of two parts, the first one will look for two significant events that have occurred that includes real-life international events during the last five years. However, the second part will look into different aspects of the Civil War, United States after 1865 and World War II.
2. Major International Events and American Policing Role
a. American Civil Wars and Events Linkage
Two of the most prominent events during the last five years include Operation Neptune Spear and intervention of the American forces against Islamic State of Iraq at the al-Nusra’s front within Iraq-Syrian border. Events like these have its roots within the Civil War era (Acharya, 2013). Terrorism acts encompasses different acts of animosity and can be reflected as allowing the people to have the very same status as that of a slave thereby facing oppression and injustice. However, terrorism and civil war has quite an interesting; yet, paradoxical relationship that enhances the outlook of the current events under the lens of Civil War.

Kalyvas (2006) states that the terrorism is quite commonly related to establish oppressive control over the whole population of city, nation and/or region, at large. Although, there is some difference terrorism and Civil War; however, it is assumed that the violence would result inevitably at the end. Kydd and Walter (2006) have provided five strategies that are quite common in both terrorism and civil rights contexts. It includes attrition, provocation, outbidding, intimidation and spoiling. In order to avoid any such circumstances all over the world and to guard the national interest, the United States has no option left to begin policing different activities all around the world (Findley & Young, 2012).
b. Rise of a Superpower and Unipolar World
Nevertheless, there are a number of factors that have led to the formation of such massive change in the course of world history and more specifically, of American history after 1865. Reconstruction was the first major events that have occurred after the abolishment of slavery from the United States. It has provided different civil and political rights to all the American citizens regardless of their race, color and sexual orientation. However, this event has provided internal restructuring of government institutions rather than enhancement of influence at the outside world. But, World War I and World War II have granted America complete status as superpower policing state. Surely, the American history has gone through reconstruction, two world wars along with fighting against the newly developed menace of terrorism. These three aspects have allowed the United States to maintain its position as superpower police for the oppressed countries all around the world (Dobbins, 2003).
Owing to that specific role, the United States government has been faced with different crises that encompass Cuban crises giving rise to drug trafficking across American borders, development of tensions from Iran hostility towards the United States and rise of terrorism all across the globe. The first event has been a minor event in Cuban missile crises outlook but it has proved to be quite detrimental for the American youth and social strata at the very beginning stages. Hence, the fight against the drug has become a major proponent in the internationalization of the United States status as police (Rovner, 2008).
Iran has also proved itself a hostile country towards the United States. During the course of history, countries like Iran have proven hostility by different activities of holding captive American citizens. Under these circumstances, the United States has to protect the lives of its citizens and hence, put forward a military action for safe retrieval of those personnel (Glad, 1989).
The most recent event of such rescue mission is of rescuing of hostages from al-Qaeda operatives in Yemen. These events can also be linked with the acts of terrorisms that have emerged during the last decade (Domke et al., 2006).
d. Policy Making and Proponents of Change
During the Cuban Crises, the United States military forces have also become active in participating in preventing drug trafficking across US-Mexican borders. For mitigating that, the Office of National Drug Control has devised a policy for controlling illegal drugs. The policy has included a number of potential aspects that included control of foreign drug supplies and their sources along with devising new policies in collaboration with the United Nations General Assembly (Rovner, 2008).
The Iranian incident has led towards enhancing American prospects as global police for safeguarding the interests of United States in different parts of the world. Nevertheless, it is not limited to US citizens; American forces have also participated in different hostage rescue operations. For that, different rules were put forward to provide diplomatic immunity for the personnel operating in other countries as part of the United Nation and world court (Falk, 1980).
For combating the al-Qaeda’s insurgency, that USA PATRIOT (the ‘Uniting and Strengthening America Act by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism’ of 2001) Act has been put forward and was approved (Domke et al., 2006).
3. Conclusion
All in all, America’s global policing role has allowed better enhancement of guarding interest of United States as well as that of different countries. Nonetheless, there were numerous events that have led to the formulation of such massive changes and it has occurred during the last two centuries.

References
Acharya, A. (2013). Ten Years After 9/11: Rethinking the Jihadist Threat. Routledge.
Dobbins, J. F. (2003). America’s role in nation-building: from Germany to Iraq.Survival, 45(4), 87-110.
Domke, D., Graham, E. S., Coe, K., Lockett John, S., & Coopman, T. (2006). Going public as political strategy: The Bush administration, an echoing press, and passage of the patriot act. Political Communication, 23(3), 291-312.
Falk, R. (1980). The Iran Hostage Crisis: Easy Answers and Hard Questions.American Journal of International Law, 411-417.
Findley, M. G., & Young, J. K. (2012). Terrorism and civil war: A spatial and temporal approach to a conceptual problem. Perspectives on Politics, 10(02), 285-305.
Glad, B. (1989). Personality, political and group process variables in foreign policy decision-making: Jimmy Carter’s handling of the Iranian hostage crisis.International Political Science Review, 10(1), 35-61.
Kalyvas, S. (2006). The Logic of Violence in Civil War. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Kydd, A. & Barbara W. (2006). The Strategies of Terrorism. International Security. 31(1):49–80.
Rovner, E. S. (2008). The Cuban Connection: Drug Trafficking, Smuggling, and Gambling in Cuba from the 1920s to the Revolution. Univ of North Carolina Press.