Roman Republic from Julius Caesar to the rise of the principate under Augustus.

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Romans Republic History from Ceaser to Augustus Regime
Introduction
Roman republic has undergone a lot of revolution in history during Julius Ceaser’s reign. Roman republic then did not have any written constitution however the nation was being run by mutual agreement scenario, which was being referred as a way of our ancestors (Hunt et al. 77). The administration was being run by annually elected elders who are answerable to the senate. However, at the near the end of the second century, the system began to disintegrate, when politicians began to push the acceptable limits. Violence broke in as one of the modes of resolving domestic conflicts. The process of disintegration took around one century, which is currently referred to as Roman revolution by many as a Roman revolution.
Julius Ceaser and His Reign
Ceaser Julius Gaius, born on July 12 100 BC, grew during the period of unrest and civil war in Rome. The growth of Roman Empire had rendered Roman workers unemployed due to the presence of cheap labour provided by the slaves. This had created a lot of social uproar across the nation. After the death of his father, he chose to support Marius who was against the dictator Sulla. He was arrested by the oppressive regime but was pardoned.
Ceaser fled and joined an army that crushed Spartacus’ slave rebellion, however, he came back to Rome to further his education. On winter when he was travelling to Rhodes Island he was captured by pirates who charged a huge ransom, after his release, he cracked them down and crucified them (White 338).

This action ended piracy and ensured the safety of Romans property.
After such outstanding performance, Ceaser ran for a post in Roman administration also from inspirations from the achievements of Alexander the great. Ceaser learned that Roman political and governance system was corrupt and used this opportunity to buy his way into politics. He bought his popularity by bribing the influential members of the society, this made him achieve the post of aedile. He popularized himself through public shows, gladiatorial contests. He bought himself a great favour through this. This caused him to be in bad debt more so, he attracted envy from other senators as he was junior and outwitted them politically. Senators chose to send him to a troubled place in order to fail him. Ceaser made allies with the Pompey and overthrew consul Bibilus. Ceaser chose a populist agenda in running his campaigns such as the elimination of taxes to farmers, public land was allocated to fathers with more than three children.
Ceaser chose to run for Governor’s position, where he became the governor of Gaul (Rowe 114). During his reign, he conquered Helvetians, Germans, and Nervii. However, in his period he also received an equal amount of opposition from the Gaul and other rebellious tribes. Ceaser won the battle against all the odds, Vercingetorix was strangled by Ceaser after the war, he crossed over Rubicon and took over Rome. Ceaser left Rome for Egypt for quite some time where he left a power vacuum state. His opponents at home used this advantage to spread propaganda message in Rome. These situations made the sons of Pompey rise and collect armies against Ceaser. The rebellion was because Ceaser was growing too powerful and they feared he would declare himself king of Rome.
Ceaser also had given voting rights to non-citizens probably as a way of seeking favour from outsiders since the majority of senators were against him. Ceaser was murdered by senatorial conspirators lead by Marcus Brutus, Gaius and pardoned Pompeans. Although Ceaser at a greater part he is seen as a dictator, he drained a large part of Rome’s marshy lands, he reviewed tax plans, and he had a soft spot to his slaves and captives. He pardons most of his enemies and gives voting rights to slaves.
Principate Augustus and His Reign
Agustus is one of the most important figures in Roman history as he ended the destruction Roman republic as he established a new basis in which roman government stood for, which stood for three centuries. Agustus earlier referred to as Octavian, was born on September 23, 63 BC. He went to Pontificial College where he was elected. Octavian in 45 BC went to Pompeians to join Ceaser in the war against their enemies. After the death of Ceaser, he was advised to denounce his adoption position for his safety (Salmon 462). Octavian chose to go to Rome after gathering soldiers from Ceaser’s allies’ troops. After arriving in Rome, he was coldly received by Anthony who was among conspirators of Ceaser’s Murder. They tried reconciliation which failed, this made them fight where Anthony was defeated. The war between Antony and Octavian was being fuelled by some senators who were both against them.
After winning the battle, Octavian was betrayed as he was denied land that was to belong to war veterans. This made him sign a deal with Anthony as they formed a board of three who were in charge of organising the nation. Octavian once proposed to quite his political role and fair his own private life. The senate gave him an honorary position of Principate, which means the leading citizen who is democratic, of authoritative influence. Agustus started to show favour to his nephew Marcellus he showed ethos as he favoured one of family members since it was a sign of good ethos (Jeffrey 199). His leadership style was peaceful, democratic and full of consensus this was in line with ancient mutual agreement, unlike dictatorial Julius Ceaser.

Works Cited
Rowe, Greg. “44 BCE–96 CE.” THE ROMAN EMPIRE (2008): 114.
Jeffrey Tatum, W. “The Final Crisis (69‐44).” A Companion to the Roman Republic (2006):
190-212.
White, Peter. “Julius Caesar in Augustan Rome.” Phoenix 42.4 (1988): 334-356.
Salmon, Edward T. “The Evolution of Augustus’ Principate.” Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte
Geschichte H. 4 (1956): 456-478.
Hunt, Lynn, et al. “The making of the West.” The American Historical Review 105.5 (2000).
Augustus, By, and Thomas Bushnell. “The Deeds of the Divine Augustus.” (1998).