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Clinical practice is increasingly relying on evidence as the main basis for patient handling. This has prompted the advancement of evidence sources in a bid to reduce medication errors. Numerous models of evidence sources have evolved over time. The 4S model provides a perfect platform for the holistic management of patients based on a hierarchy of evidence sources.

The systems concept lies at the pinnacle of the evidence sources. This concept has been designed to incorporate computerized evidence sources that are constantly updated for the sake of improving the efficiency in healthcare delivery (Mulimani, 2017). The systems platforms allow for the access of the most current research concerning certain disease processes. This allows for informed decision making in the context of patient care. This form of computerized decision making has been noted to contribute to overall better clinical outcomes in the contemporary clinical practice.
The synopses remain the next most important source of clinical evidence, especially where there is a lack of consensus on existing information sources. In this context, individual reviews and studies are selected as a criterion for the management of patients. The synopses for such studies are usually relied upon for decision making (Mulimani, 2017). This is drawn from the fact that individual journals tend to be detailed. Therefore, it may not be practical to analyze all the facts in the go.
The syntheses come handy in the event that synopses are not readily available.

In this case, clinicians and other stakeholders often rely upon recognized systemic reviews as important sources of supporting evidence for clinical decisions (Rosner, 2012). The Cochrane reviews have become a very essential source of scientific information to support important clinical decisions.
In the event that all the other S fail to provide reliable scientific evidence, the original studies come in handy. The studies are important primary sources that are designed to guide clinicians on various dynamics involved in patient care and management (Rosner, 2012). Various customized search engines are available for this sole purpose. The advantage of this platform is drawn from the fact that such sources have a certain element of originality.
In conclusion, the 4S system of evidence is an important tool designed to guide scholars on the various aspects of evidence-based decision making. The pyramid allows experts to select the best available source of information in clinical situations.
 

References
Mulimani, P. S. (2017). Evidence-based practice and the evidence pyramid: A 21st century orthodontic odyssey. American Journal Of Orthodontics And Dentofacial Orthopedics: Official Publication Of The American Association Of Orthodontists, Its Constituent Societies, And The American Board Of Orthodontics, 152(1), 1-8. doi:10.1016/j.ajodo.2017.03.020
Rosner, A. L. (2012). Evidence-based medicine: revisiting the pyramid of priorities. Journal Of Bodywork And Movement Therapies, 16(1), 42-49. doi:10.1016/j.jbmt.2011.05.003