Texas annexation

ANNEXATION OF TEXAS
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Following a spirited fight, the outgoing President, John Tyler managed to garner a joint resolution between the Senate and Congress. Hence, the two houses passed the treaty of annexation of Texas. This treaty was effected on December 1845. Thus, Texas became part of the United States. In 1847, President Polk managed to capture Mexico City, and in February 1848, he was presented with the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo. Polk had intentions to push for further annexation of Mexico, but considering the political impact of a prolonged war, he chose to settle for the treaty. In the treaty, Mexico was in terms to surrender up to 525, 0002 miles.
The following years saw mixed life setting with some leaders in support of slavery while others pushed for the full abolition of the vice to prevent it from spreading to other states in the US. People migrated from the south and from Europe to come and settle in Texas due to the cheap land for agriculture and ability to own slaves. In 1850, California has declared a free state with no slave business. As such, this ended the question of spreading slavery. Hence, the western states had the choice to engage in slavery or not. Although Texans shared varied views on slavery, they strongly opposed any intervention by the federal government to end slavery. The election of President Lincoln has been coined to trigger the secession from the union and the start of American Civil war in 1860. The Civil War was triggered by the fact that the southern states which depended on Agriculture hence the need of slave labor did not want to end slavery, contrary to the view held by the Northerners.

Also, the Northerners were pushing for increased tariffs on imported goods which would create an impact of high prices of cotton from England hence protecting their market for cloth in the South.
The Civil war lasted for five years and caused disastrous consequences for Texas. Politically, the state government structures were destroyed and political institutions demolished. Economically, household and business enterprises were destroyed and a great dip in agricultural production. Socially, the Civil War affected the cohesion and livelihood of the Texans who were separated from their communities. In 1863, President Lincoln issued the emancipation proclamation that ensured all the slaves were freed, in a bid to reconstruct the nation. The following years saw a drop in demand for cotton while corn and wheat were in high demand. With the end of slavery in 1865, the leading years to 1875, up to 1899, welcomed a new phase of America. President Lincoln facilitated reconstruction through the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments which ensured equality and free rights for black Americans to vote.
Bibliography
Silbey, Joel H. Storm over Texas: The annexation controversy and the road to civil war. Oxford University Press, 2005.