Aviation Safety

The industry of aviation has had tremendous developments over the past years. Consequently, statistics purport that accident rates reduced significantly which is an indication of great improvements. The paper is based on two journal articles which includes “ICAO training report volume 6” and “The ICAO Journal volume 71.” ICAO studies rates of accidents regarding schedules of commercial operations. ICAO uses the primary indicator accepted globally by air transport firms. Aircraft accidents category are based on MTOW (maximum take-off weight) of over 2250 Kilograms. ICAO (2013), reports that in 2012, African-Indian Ocean recorded the highest accident rates. ICAO works with organizations and various states to develop plans that are meant to increase security in flight industries. According to Safety program Report of 2015, Aviation firms have achieved excellent safety records. The records show that less than four accidents are reported for every one million departures across the entire globe. This paper provides a report on Aviation Safety, highlighted factors of accidents in the industry, safety programs, role of stakeholders in providing protection and a reflection on accident trends and rates.

Air transport is becoming popular amongst transport industries. People prefer the means of transport because it is fast and efficient. For in 2012 alone about 2.9 billion clients used air conveyor. According to ICAO 2013, the figure is a 5.5% increase for commercial passenger’s flights when compared to 2011 records.

However, the safety of the transport of airplanes has been a concern. Aviation industry has employed technologies, which consist of complex systems to control accidents issues and improve the security in these transport industries. The ICAO statistics of 2013 purport that accident rates reduced by 21% in 2012. These statistics shows that 2012 was the safest year in the aviation industry as from 2004. This paper provides a report on Aviation Safety, highlighted factors of accidents in the industry, safety programs, role of stakeholders in providing protection and a reflection on accident trends and rates.
Accident
Various training initiatives have been put in place to ensure that the industry produces professionals that are highly skilled to meet the demands of the industry. ICAO studies rates of accidents regarding schedules of commercial operations. ICAO uses the primary indicator accepted globally by air transport firms. Aircraft accidents category are based on MTOW (maximum take-off weight) of over 2250 Kilograms. ICAO (2013), reports that in 2012, African-Indian Ocean recorded the highest accident rates. The region recorded a 6% accident rates on 1 million departures (Arnaldo Valdés, Gómez Comendador, Mijares Gordún, & Sáez Nieto, 2011). The Middle East region recorded the lowest accident rate, which consisted of 1.9% for every one million departures.
Safety programs
ICAO works with organizations and various states to develop plans that are meant to increase security in flight industries. The program employs risk-based analysis in for oversight accidents. The study results and information on risks reduction policies are provided for sharing through “Safety Collaborative Assistance Network” (Kulyk, Bugayko, & Ilienko, 2013).
Available safety programs
According to “ICAO training report volume 6” aviation industry intends to recruits 480,000 new professionals and technicians to ensure safety in the aviation industry. According to Boeing’s forecast, more than one million new technicians, as well as a pilot, will be required by 2034 (Touron, 2016). There are many security plans suggested by ICAO and other aviation authorities in the world. The plans include Global Safety Collaborative Programs, Global Safety Information Exchanges, Safety Collaborative Assistance Networks, and Runway Safety Programs (Arnaldo Valdés, Gómez Comendador, Mijares Gordún, & Sáez Nieto, 2011). This study zero in Runway Safety Programs because unlike the other plan, Runway Safety Method is detailed and implementable worldwide. The other methods are also relevant but are mostly concerned with providing information rather than ideas.
Runway Safety Program
According to Safety program Report of 2015, Aviation firms have achieved excellent safety records. The records show that less than four accidents are reported for every one million departures across the entire globe. Most aviation authorities implemented the runway safety program after the “Safety Collaborative Assistance Network” established that runway related issues and categories were consistent on representing the majority of accidents that were investigated annually (Arnaldo Valdés, Gómez Comendador, Mijares Gordún, & Sáez Nieto, 2011). ICAO strongly recommends improvements on the runway safety as a measure for reducing common accidents in their report. ICAO suggests that global flight accidents and fatalities have been on the increase due to the consistent rise in air traffics. Runway safety plan is a sensible plan that would reduce the international flight accident when implemented.
The Runway Safety Plan employed by ICAO concerns multidisciplinary approaches, which require the collaboration of airport stakeholders and aviation authorities to be successfully implemented. Furthermore, the plan requires the coordination of the Airport Operations, the Air Traffic Management the Aircraft Manufacturing Firms and the flight operators. The aim of this plan is for sharing appropriate practices and the best innovations ideas from the best experts in the aviation industry in reducing risks associated with landing and take offs (Arnaldo Valdés, Gómez Comendador, Mijares Gordún, & Sáez Nieto, 2011).
Players who contribute to flight safety
Stakeholders
According to “The ICAO Journal volume 71” more world’s regions, as well as governments, are constantly becoming better cognizant of the unique ability of air transport to connect local producers and local businesses global trade flows (Adams, 2016). Shareholders play vital roles in improving security in aviation industries. All interested parties involved in aviation companies and corporations promote the development and improvements in regional and international transport systems. Stakeholders’ supports in safety plans are paramount since they influence moat airport decisions. The various stakeholders whose decisions and support have control flight industries.
AFCAC (“African Civil Aviation Commission”)
According to ICAO (2013), The AFCAC launched a project with ICAO In August 2011 meant for creating a pool of qualified inspectors to address safety oversight in the African region. The inspectors were appointed from flight area. The project majored in states that showed most safety concern amongst the African member states. Since formation, the project has organized host meetings, training and seminars on aviation safety the challenges facing the regions and the initiatives for improving flight safety. AFCAC project also hosted a conference for ministers, which discussed aviation security issues in Africa. The project was also supported by the Nigeria where Abuja declarations identified the safety targets for air transport and available action plans to improve flight safety in Africa.
CERG (Central European Rotation Group)
CERG is an Umbrella representing countries like Bulgaria, Hungary, Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia, Romania, and Slovenia in the ICAO Council. CERG has been supportive in endorsing series of safety experts and investigators in aviation safety industries. CERG cooperated with Czech Republic officials in improving security measures and security in the sectors. This organization has invited over 400 experts who deal with aviation safety across the globe to help the region in improving safety (Kulyk, Bugayko, & Ilienko, 2013).
Aircraft Manufacturers
The manufacturers of planes and jets are also key players in aviation security and welfare measures. Most renowned manufacturers include Airbus and Boeing. For instance, Airbus supports ICAO deployment performance navigation internationally. Besides, Airbus uses an approach of circlet-land in facilitating an access to complex airports. Boeing has also entered into negotiations with Indonesian Government in regulation of industrial infrastructure and operational assessments. Boeing also participates in the evaluation of safety operations (Arnaldo Valdés, & Sáez Nieto, 2011).
Flight Safety factors
Air Worthiness
ICAO report suggests that in 2012, 14% out of all scheduled commercial flights were as a result of power plant and system component failures. ICAO introduced the third manual of airworthiness (Doc 9760) to address the issues of unworthiness, which contributed to flight accidents.
Fatigue Risk Management
ICAO utilized the crash reports to develop a comprehensive fatigue management standards and practices recommended in Annex 11. This specification manual is a guide material for authorities to oversee air navigation services that would cause fatigue and risks associated with accidents. ICAO fatigue proposal was placed for consideration and possible adoption in 2015.
Approach
Runway security has been recognized as one of the high-hazard control ways. Excursions of runways after landing operations have added to these categories. ICAO advocates for runway safety plans as the primary measure to reducing flight accidents. The stakeholders are playing a vital role in inflicting decisions that entail flight safety and financing programs that advocate for security measures in the airports. The statistics show that the accidents rates are reducing as per the ICAO scale of action. All the interest groups must increase their effort to control accidents and gain public confidence in flight transport system.

References
Touron, H. (2016). News and Features of Civil Aviation-Related Training Development. ICAO Journal, 6(2), 5-30. Retrieved from http://www.icao.int/publications/journalsreports/2016/icao_training_report_vol6_no2.pdf
Arnaldo Valdés, R., Gómez Comendador, F., Mijares Gordún, L., & Sáez Nieto, F. (2011). The development of probabilistic model to estimate accident risks (due to runway overruns and landing undershoot) applicable to the designs and construction of runway safety areas. Safety Sciences, 49(5), 633-650. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2010.09.020Kulyk, M., Bugayko, D., & Ilienko, O. (2013). SAFETY OF AVIATION IN GLOBAL CONTEXTS OF THE WORLD AIR TRANSPORT DEVELOPMENTs. Proceedings Of National Aviation University, 56(3). http://dx.doi.org/10.18372/2306-1472.56.5442Adams, R. (2016). NEWS AND DEVELOPMENTS FROM THE INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION. ICAO Journal, 71(4), 1-14. Retrieved from http://www.icao.int/publications/journalsreports/2016/7104_en.pdf