Diabetes As A Chronic Health Problem

Diabetes as a chronic health problem

Diabetes constitutes an increasingly frequent chronic health problem worldwide. The involvement of children and adolescents, in addition to the affective connotations that affect us all, entails the creation of potentially complex situations and the possibility of appearing complications at an early age, to which we must respond and prevent. On the other hand, children and young people spend most of the day in educational centers, where they also need to continue control They can fully develop, both physically and intellectually.

In this report we will have which are some of the care that must be taken into account in the school environment since diabetes is present in the lives of those who suffer from 24 hours of their life and the boys who spend many hours at school or Activities within the school such as study or extracurricular trips, children’s care programs or recreational programs, care must be complete enough in such a way to handle all needs when enjoying and performing the same activities as their peers but Always safely and healthy. Students have the right to receive all appropriate care for their illness and thus be able to be integrated into all activities in normal and discrimination.

Schools must provide them, trained people for blood sugar control and the correct application of insulins that in each case are different medications. People who are trained for their correct care in any extracurricular activity or within the same school and thus give knowledge and capacity to the same students can apply knowledge for their own care.

What is the diabetes?

Diabetes is a chronic condition where the body cannot use food sugar to give energy to the body. It is a disease caused by lack or deficiency in insulin tissues. Insulin is a hormone produced in the pancreas in which it is the main protagonist in the regulation of sugar and fat metabolism. In the absence of insulin in the body, blood glucose accumulates, which is called hyperglycemia, this increase in blood sugar produces an increase in water elimination through urine, which is called polyuria. This makes it a feeling of thirst constantly and produces the desire to drink a lot of water. (Julio Guerrero 2018).

There are two types of type 1 diabetes and type 2. Some children and adolescents have type 2 diabetes but the vast majority have type 1 diabetes, which is generally diagnosed at an early age.

Diabetes has no cure, which is for life to take medication and insulin placement in different values ​​but it is for a lifetime. But you can treat and live a normal life with the care that this type of disease requires.

Type 2 diabetes

Type 2 diabetes is generally diagnosed in adulthood and in its beginning Type 1 diabetes, which its treatment from the beginning is with insulin injection.

Some considerations for the treatment of type 2 diabetes:

• Balanced in balanced form
• Physical activity on a regular basis
• Changes in habits in everyday life, how to lose weight if required
• Blood sugar values ​​monitoring
• Permanent hydration.
• Take pills at the schedules indicated
• Carbohydrates control
• Controls in injuries and its healing
• Control in the pedicure part, by diabetic foot syndrome
• Try to live a normal life without obsessions.

Diabetes type 1

Type 1 diabetes is the most common in children and adolescents since as we have mentioned above, an early age is diagnosed. About 1 in 400 children develop type 1 diabetes and these values ​​are growing around 4% every year. Patients with type 1 diabetes should medicate with insulin or life medications. And in general it is not passed from one type of diabetes to other types of diabetes.

Many when diagnosed do not know anything about the disease or recognize their symptoms very well, and if we ask ourselves, it does not really have the causes with certainty, but we will name some to be able to clarify this questioning.

And we will say that it is a combination of these factors:

• Auto immunity, that is, the body attacks and destroys its own insulin producing cells.
• Some environmental triggers, it is said that it depends on the places where one lives there is more predisposition to contracting various diseases.
• And of course the genetic factor, family history.
• Exposure to viruses
• Age, although diabetes appears at any age, has an impact on two critical moments in children, from 4 to 7 years old and the second stage of 10 to 14 years.

The child and adolescents with diabetes in schools

In the school environment it is extremely important that the work of prevention and care of the child or adolescent is coordinated and effective. As in his home, the child must be protected and any contradiction that all present should know how to proceed, is a teamwork of both managers, teachers and fundamentally of the parents who must inform any eventuality that any change in medication that the doctor in charge of the child has determined, and if possible, provide the diet to the food system in schools or themselves bring food to your child.

The school is one of the most important areas where the student with diabetes takes place many hours a day, so it is very important that all in the educational community have the appropriate knowledge to help and make school life more pleasant. That is why it is very important that all members of the establishments know and have the appropriate knowledge to provide security to the student and parents suffering from this disease. It is important that the educational community is instructed both in the Ministries of Health, and in specialized NGOs and in diabetes centers, where they educate both the patient and the family, because this changes life to the entire family group not only To the person who was diagnosed.

On the other hand, children and adolescents must be able to deal with both their illness and their changes in habits and that implement them in their school environment. Therefore, we must bear in mind that children or adolescents must be able to handle their glucometer and also be able to adequately inject their insulin. At the primary level, the student already has to be able to help control and know the normal values ​​to which he must reach and also with supervision, he can already proceed to place the insulin or the taking of medicines. At the secondary level, they must already be more independent in monitoring their blood sugar levels, although an adult supervision is required, in case of an emergency. It is important to know that the quality of life of children and adolescents with diabetes is 24 -hour control. And although we know that they have to be treated in the same way as to the rest of the students, we must make various considerations and adaptations to be as normal as possible in the institution, such as letting them do their glucose controls in class if necessary, or Eat in case of being required. Also that they access the permission to go to the toilette as a necessary. Respect their food hours, adapt classes to these needs and/or possible emergencies. Physical education classes must be planned with all these collections and more if there are extra curricular activities or if they leave the activity of the activity. Adapt special planning, such as exams, acts, exits to certain situations that occur within the framework of adequate monitoring of this disease, such as visits to your doctor, control exams, and other specific medical situations that arise.

Another important meaning is when the student already enters his period of adolescence or puberty, since in this period he entails several changes of age, acceptance of peers, inclusion of groups, rebellion towards what surrounds him or questions of everything added to both individual and group criticism, there can be a bad management of controls both in school and in their homes, the resistance of insulin that occurs a lot at the beginning of this period and psychological problems. You have to be very aware of them if any of these problems is detected.

You have to help, too, all colleagues that they can be part of that knowledge since when there is no information about certain topics or diseases, fear and not knowing how to relate to each other is installed. For the child or teenager with diabetes it is very important. Bringing students closer to new situations and get them out of their comfort zone, it is very important, to approach that partner, who suffer from some disease or disability and make them participate in inclusion in their school environment, is a fundamental tool for The future of all.

Extracurricular activities

When a school or institution decides to school a student with diabetes, it must take into account and never forget not to marginalize them in any special activity, old or extra programmatic exits, they must be designed with the mind in that student with diabetes. The preparation of this activity must be known in advance, both the student and the parents, they must know where, schedules, what foods to carry, that common drinks will have or take their own water or whatever they were to drink. Both trips and special departures, they imply us that several hours or maybe days away from home. In the case of the teacher in charge, you must remind them that the doses of insulin should decrease, in the day and night, so as not to produce any hypoglycemia episode. They must always have their personal identification, that of information about what type of diabetes suffers, for any eventuality, and the person who helps does not know what disease suffers.

In the case of short exits, they must wear adequate drinks and food with slow absorption carbohydrates, such as snacks or yogurts. If the output is longer, in addition to its food, you must try to have the amount of syringes and insulin required for the days when the exit is programmed, reactive strips for permanent glucose control, its identification always, and the glucometer.

School celebrations

In every institution or school there are always special celebrations such as acts, plays, musical comedy, theater samples, in that case both parents and students should know in advance they plan to do, schedules, food and/or activities, thus being able to assemble the child’s participation without any risk of hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia. In the case of birthday celebrations at school, celebrations could be implemented without so many sweets, candies or food with a lot of sugar, not only for children suffering from diabetes but would be of great benefit for all. In both celebrations and special activities we can find special situations in children with diabetes, such as vomiting, fever or diarrhea. In these cases we have to do the immediate control of glucose values ​​and call the parents and their doctor or institution that is controlling the patient, so it is of the utmost importance that the identification card always has in his possession with all the Information about the disease. Be careful with dizziness and heat blows, hydration is very important.

Parent performance

It is required before the incorporation of the child or adolescent with diabetes that parents meet with managers, teachers, teachers, pedagogical equipment and give all the information that helps the good management of the disease in the institution. They must provide established food or snack schedules, physical exercise and quantity indicated by their doctor, hypoglycemia levels, duly stored and refrigerated insulins, contact numbers in case of emergency, commitment to inform all change in medication or rules established by your doctor , and frequent monitoring meetings. It is also very important that parents let all teaching staff and managers to follow in emergency cases and make sure that the school community chosen knows that there is a student with diabetes and that they do not leave it alone in any particular situation. They should leave in writing all kinds of information about medication, meals, physical activity and clearly clarify the symptoms of hypoglycemia and proceeding in case of producing.

conclusion

As a conclusion we can say that our schools are full of different problems that cannot be neglected, diabetes is one of them. It should be noted that there is a very large ignorance of both the disease and its care, and in the school environment it is very noticeable since there is no training in this field of chronic diseases. This lack of knowledge is both from managers, teachers and especially students. It is very important to emphasize the need for the creation of aulic management and school protocols both for the daily life of students who are diagnosed with this disease but also in special cases mentioned in this report.

It is essential to know the changes that originate with this disease and to raise awareness of their approach and participate to all classmates since with the effort together the coexistence in school becomes lighter.

It is also worth highlighting the role of students of students with diabetes, they are the pillars to become aware and real well -being despite the disease. Finally, as a closing and reflection (Isabel Moneo, 2017) states "that in school you not only learn about the academic context but also to" live ". Part of this teaching is to accept their illness, and in school they can learn to integrate it into their lives so that this does not go to happiness. In addition, a child spends most of a school day in the school environment, is crucial ”