Impact Of Homophobia And Transphobia In Spain

Impact of homophobia and transphobia in Spain

Introduction

Castilla y León is a Spanish autonomous community, classified as a historical and cultural community, in its statute of autonomy. It is based on the union of the ancient kingdom of Castile with the kingdom of León, which makes it the largest community in Spain, in area thermos. It is composed of nine provinces: Ávila, Burgos, León, Palencia, Salamanca, Zamora, Segovia, Soria and Valladolid.

Simultaneously, it is in Castilla-León where more than 60% of all the architectural, artistic and cultural heritage existing in Spain and the greatest concentration of Romanesque art in the world are located. So there are infinite issues to talk about Castilla y León since it is so rich culturally. Still, I have decided to talk about the integration of LGBTI people, after discovering that it is the Spanish community that records the lower integration of homosexuals and transsexuals.

According to data from the National Statistics Institute, the human development index is one of the largest in the country and is even better positioned than that of many super developing countries. The Social Services Development Index places the Castilian -Elecanous community also on the podium of the best services to its citizens. There are even various laws that see. Likewise, the level of education is very positive, adding to the numbers that make this community an unwrapping and social community. So, why is its integration of the LGBTI community so bad?

Developing

First of all, it is important to understand the Spanish context, not only because it influences the Spanish context, but because it is substantial to draw parallels between the two.

The LGBT collective in Spain has not had a uniform treatment and has been adapted at each time to the queen ideas and conditions. Today, Spain, in general, presents very favorable data in relation to the rights of the LGBTI community. It was even on June 30, 2015, the fourth country by promulgating a law that regulated homosexual marriage.

In addition, a study carried out by Dalia, a platform specialized in doing studies worldwide, wanted to answer the question of how many LGBTI people exist, in the end in the world. That is not easy to measure, since not in all countries there is freedom to be able to talk about sexual orientation and identity, without fear of reprisals. Still, that study concluded that Spain is the second European country with the most LGTBI population.

At the same time, according to the Pew Research Center, Spain is the nation that presents better levels of acceptance and protection of LGTBI rights, since 88% of Spaniards have a friendly attitude in relation to the community.

On the other hand, during this PSOE legislature, Podemos, Citizens, IU and UPL presented a proposal of law in the Courts that could not be approved because the PP was blocking it during the amendment period. Still the text that the Popular Party, with the support of Citizens, are promoting, eliminates fundamental aspects such as the right to health of trans people or the right to non -discrimination by LGTbifobia in the school environment. The initial text of this new bill eliminates such important aspects to guarantee real equality as the right of trans minors to access the services and costumes that correspond to them or the gynecological protocol for lesbian women. As well as the review of educational content that involve discrimination or violence against affective-sexual, family and gender diversity, subjects on human rights and sexuality and the protocol for the treatment of cases of bullying by LGTbifobia, among others.

Likewise, according to a study by the 2010 Spanish Ministry of Health, there were still 15% of people in Spain who thought that homosexuality was a disease and should not be respectable. Return almost 10 years, much has changed, but not everything yet since Spain is not uniform, so that positive and advanced panorama that can be painted from the nation in general cannot be applied to all autonomous communities since not only The laws, but also the attitude of people, varies greatly with the geographical and cultural factor and, even, with the level of population education and of mentalities.

The specific case of Castilla y León

Second, the aforementioned study of Dalia, Castilla y León presents a rate of -36.13%, affirming as the Spanish community with less percentage of LGBTI inhabitants, which gives an idea that the acceptance of homosexuality and transsexuality in this region is extremely poor and that’s why they don’t stay.

There a survey has been done and the vast majority of contributions are contrary to the LGTBI law promoted by the coalition government between PP and Cs in Castilla y León. Citizens consider that ‘unnecessary’ law, ‘without motivation’, ‘threatening and sanctioning’, ‘totalitarian’, ‘sectarian’ or ‘discriminating’. Even the Hazteira Association has delivered, in October 2019, 17698 signatures against the law.

The study, which analyzes the inclusion rate, the latent homophobia index and the invisibility of this group, gives Castilla y León 1.2 points over 15. Even 81 percent of respondents responded automatically to whether they would like to leave their region [Castilla y León] because of their sexual orientation for not feeling safe and free there.

In spite. In addition, in this region, conversion therapy has not yet been prohibited. There are even books that recommend therapies to "cure" homosexuality, resources against equal marriage before the Constitutional Court and certain homophobic allusions that continue to be heard in the public scene, which is disturbing.

Fernández (2007) In his work "Gay and Space Community" proposes five categories that allow establishing a classification of gay places of interest depending on motivation, these are: sociability needs, satisfaction of professional and commercial services, tourist accommodation , search for information and support and, finally, sexual satisfaction. In spite.

The impact of homophobia and transphobia on the economy

Beyond the social effects that homophobia and transphobia can have, the issue is also a case study for economic activity. Discrimination against the LGTBI community, according to experts, negatively hits the economy.

First, because the LGBTI community is an important niche in the tourism sector since the frequent travelers of this sector spend between 60 and 70% more than the rest of tourists, for example. If the group does not feel comfortable and safe in Castilla y León, they will not visit that community, which will have negative effects on tourism.

Second, discrimination in the school environment greatly affects people’s academic results, which will influence the education rate of a region or country or country. Not only will the education index go down, but also the mental health of a whole group of society. Those who suffer with discrimination have up to 4.4 times more possibilities of presenting problems such as depression, anxiety and difficulty in concentrating.

Thirdly, rejecting people who identify with this sexual inclination affect their productivity, and even this type of repudiation can harm the taxation of a country or region. If a group is labeled less valuable by society, it is likely to become a sector that is less ambitious in their work. Nor do they feel comfortable in integration so they demoralize and do not do their job tasks so well. A practical example of a consequence would be to imagine a position where two people could be, one of them more appropriate than the other, but the first one does not feel confident and comfortable, nor motivated, taking into account all the aforementioned factors, so the company will end up having the least specialized person in the position.

In the end all these factors end up influencing the numbers that make up the global economy of a region or a country since, the best is the population, more productive and lucrative will be.

The case of Castilla y León compared to other autonomous communities in Spain:

In addition to Castilla y León, only Castilla La Mancha, Asturias, Cantabria and La Rioja lack an anti -discrimination law against the LGTBI collective.

As has already been analyzed before, Spain presents very favorable data in relation to LGBTI integration, these communities being the exception to the national norm.

First, the Madrid community has placed itself at the forefront with its two laws: the Law on Gender Identity and Expression and Social Equality and Non -Discrimination and the Law of Integral Protection against Discrimination due to sexual and gender diversity.

Similar to Madrid laws, it is the law in Murcia: the Law on Social Equality of Lesbians, Gais, Bisexuals, Transsexuals, Transgender and Intersxual, and Public Policies against Discrimination by Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity.

In the Balearic Islands the Law is established to guarantee the rights of lesbians, gay, trans, bisexual and intersex and to eradicate the LGTBI phobia. This law establishes that "school and educational materials must take into account diversity in relation to sexual orientation and gender identity".

The Valencian Community is already very close to having its own law because it has already approved the draft law that would also place it in this type of regulations. The Valencia Transsexuality Law will allow minors to change sex without paternal permission.

Also approved in 2014 by the Galician Parliament is the Galicia Law: The Law for Equal Treatment and Non -Discrimination of Lesbians, Gais, Transsexuals, Bisexual and Intersexuals.

The Comprehensive Law for non -discrimination for gender identity reasons and recognition of the rights of transsexual persons in the community of Andalusia was unanimously approved in 2014 and gives much importance to the educational field and promotes the transsexualization of minors.

In turn, the law of non -discrimination for gender identity and recognition of the rights of the transsexual persons of the Autonomous Community of the Canary Islands, approved by the Canarian government also in 2014, follows the footprint of Andalusia and affirms that the Autonomous Administration "will ensure that the methods, curricula and educational resources serve to increase the understanding and respect for the diversity of sexual orientations and gender identities, including the particular needs of students".

In 2015, the Law on Social Equality of Lesbians, Gais, Bisexuals, Transgender, Transsexual and Intersexuals, and public policies against Homophobia and Transobia in the Autonomous Community of Extremadura was approved.

As for the Basque Country, in 2012, it was the second autonomous community to approve a law that establishes the gratuity of all transsexualization processes and establishes inclusion in educational curricula "for the understanding of gender identity".

Navarra was the first region that approved this type of laws in 2009. In relation to health, it is the least and not the doctor who decides what type of treatment he wants in his transsexualization process.

Relatively to Aragon, the Law on Equality and Integral Protection against Discrimination by Reason for Sexual Orientation, Expression and Gender Identity.

Finally, Catalonia since 2014 has the first integral law of the world, or the most comprehensive at least, against homophobia: the Law of Rights of Gais, Lesbian, Bisexual and Transsexuals and for the eradication of homophobia, the lesbophobia and transphobia.

In essence, this may be related to the fact that it is also the least developed, more traditional, rural and aging and farthest communities of urban centers that lack inclusive laws and present lower rates of development in this procedure in this procedure. In the specific case of Castilla y León, it may also have to do with the fact that it is the most religious community, historically speaking, of the country.

conclusion

As could be noted, the applicable legislation in Spain in LGTBI matters is considerably broad, but also dispersed and rarely exhaustive. This variation will effectively have to do with the social, cultural, political and historical vicissitudes that communities distinguish. It is still very important to keep in mind that, while a person or LGBTI is discriminated, the financial capital of a society is designed and even destroyed that the effects of discrimination on the evolution of a region or of a country.

Finally, the vice president and spokesman of the Board, Francisco Igea, has assured that Castilla y León ‘cannot be less in the defense of rights’ than the rest of the country, so he has assured that in this legislature a proposal will be formalized of the Social Equality Law of Sexual Diversity. According to the Castellanoleon government, "the law intends to fully guarantee the real and effective equality of the rights of LGTBI people, preventing and eliminating any discrimination derived from sexual orientation and gender identity" and is justified as "response to social demand existing ”, which is evident.

References

• “Castilla y León, the community with the lowest integration of homosexuals and transsexuals” – 2012 https: // www.SALAMANCA24HORAS.com/Text-Diar/Show/915315/Castilla-Leon-Community-Main-Integration-Homosexual-Transxuals Accessed in November/December 2019;
• “Castilla y León continues in the small Autonomous Communities Club without LGTBI Specific Law” – 2019 https: // www.the newspaper.es/Cyl/Castilla-Leon-International-Antidiscrimination-LGTBI_0_900110699.HTML accessed in November/December 2019;
• "Catalunya endowes a pioneer comprehensive law against homophobia" – 2014 https: // www.the newspaper.com/es/society/20141002/Catalunya-se-dota-de-a-pionera-law-integral-contra-la-homophobia-3569872 accessed in November/December 2019;
• “Gay community and space in Spain” – 2007 https: // www.Researchgate.NET/PUBLICATION/40652361_comunidad_gay_y_espacio_en_espana accessed in November/December 2019;
• "Know how they are and in which regions there are laws created to sexually indoctrinate your children" – 2016 https: // www.Actuall.com/Familia/Conscan-in-who-and-and-how-the-law-creadas-for-to-add-sexually-a-sus-sus-child/accessed in November/December 2019;
• “Rights of the LGBT collective in Spain” – 2019 https: // es.Wikipedia.or or wiki/rights_del_colelectivo_lgbt_en_espa%c3%b1a#homophobia accessed in November/December 2019;
• "Homophobia affects the economy of a country" – 2013 https: // www.Kienyke.com/stories/la-Homophobia-Affect-La-Economia-de-Un-Pais accessed in November/December 2019;
• “Radiography of the LGTBIQ collective in Spain and in the world” – 2018 https: // www.Yorokobu.es/lgtbiq/accessed in November/December 2019;
• “Mass rejection of the LGTBI law that promotes Popular Party and Citizens in Castilla y León” -2019 https: // www.Actuall.com/family/rejection-masivo-a-the-law-lgtbi-which-impulsan-part-popular-and-citizens-in-capital-and-read/accessed/accessed in November/December 2019.