Informed consent

Introduction
Informed consent is an act of getting authorization for carrying out a health care intervention for a patient. The health care provider asks the patient to give permission before performing the therapy. It is believed to have been granted upon a clear comprehension as well as understanding the facts, repercussions, and penalties of the action. To give informed consent, the person involved ought to have incorporated significant reasoning faculties and has to be in the custody of all pertinent facts. Impairments to reasoning as well as judgments can prevent informed consent.
Implications of Informed consent
The rudiments of informed consent consist of notifying the patient of the features of the treatment to be given, a possible alternative to the procedures, besides to the would-be risks and benefits of the said treatment. Implications of informed consent are that the risk is shared between the parties involved. Since the bargaining parties are equal legally, the doctor proves that the choice made by the patient is the best. Here, the reputation and the physician’s professional responsibility is at risk (Speer, Susan, and Stokoe2014). The rights of doctors do not apply in this legally binding. The doctor has no legal right to treat someone, according to their opinion, hence legal document makes it difficult for the health care providers to disseminate their skills and save lives. However, there are some cases whereby the document does not legally bind a healthcare provider.

For instance, when a health care provider believes the patient cannot bear the informational trauma from the information given they can opt not to use informed consent.
Patient’s Bill of Rights
A patient’s bill of rights is a list of guarantees for those receiving medical care in a particular facility. The charter of rights can take the form of law or a non-binding declaration. The bill of rights comprises of the patient’s information, fair treatment of the patient or patients, and autonomy over medical, legal decisions. This bill gives power to all patients in the United States of America freedom to seek consultation with the health provider of choice, to contract with the physician on mutually agreeable terms, to be treated confidentially, access of their medical records limited to only those with care or is designated by the patient. This legal binding document implies that there is full disclosure of all the financial records of both the healthcare provider and the patient (Jansen, G. 2013).
HIPPA
HIPPA is an acronym for Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act. This act was enacted in 1996 by United States Congress and consequently was signed by President Bill Clinton. The bill requires that there is the establishment of national standards of electronic health care by national identifiers for health care provision. The act, more often than not, covers workers and their families in a scenario of change or loss of the job. After the introduction of HIPAA privacy rule, there has been a decreased in follow-up surveys by patients. There have been discoveries that HIPAA mandated changes have led to a 73% decrease in patient’s accumulation in health care facilities. This has resulted in having many adverse impacts on the costs and qualities of medical research.
Nursing practice act
Nursing Practice Act is a body in Texas State that authorizes as well as mandates nurses to practice in the state. Notably, an individual practicing or proposing to practice nursing in this state is required to have a license. In Texas, it is the responsibility of nurses to put in writing all nursing procedures done to a patient, actions in dealing with the problem, into a report that can be understood by the patient.This facilitates the next shift to keep an eye on the activities of previous shift nurses and to impart continuity.
References
Jansen, G. (2013). The Nursing Profession: Public Image, Self- Concept and Professional
Identity Journal of Advanced and Texas Code of Occupational Practice.
Speer, Susan A.; Stokoe, Elizabeth (2014), British Journal of Social Psychology. The Image of Nursing: It’s in your hands.