Most Characteristic Concepts Of Violence In Colombia

Most characteristic concepts of violence in Colombia

One of the concepts that Colombia has characterized more is violence, a phenomenon that oppresses, humiliates and kills, seeking as a goal to obtain or defend their rights;For this reason, in the 60s literature in Colombia, the creation of works with perception of the reality of the country was promoted. As for example, one of the most outstanding novels written by Mario Mendoza is Satan, from this arises different works focused on the truth of the nation, such as polyphony and counterpoint in the novel Satan of Mario Mendoza, violence as aesthetics and thematic in theSATAN WORK OF MARIO MENDOZA, among others.

Now, the theme that will be addressed is how can violence in Colombia in the 80s be evidenced from the characters of Satan? Taking into account that the previous investigations about the book have favorable points such as violence in Colombia, the particularity about each character of the work and a criticism of the novel about the literature of violence.

Before examining this issue, the importance of the same since it narrates facts where evil among humans is convenient, creating a vision of Colombia for the 1980Pozzetto massacre. An evil that travels the individual, experiencing emotions of guilt, hate, oppression and duality.

Therefore, the present work is studied as a theme of the work of Satan by Mario Mendoza in relation to Colombia in the 80s, which is based on the lives of citizens living in Bogota and are affected by violenceIn Colombia, analyzing the novel of Latin American literature, which is known as the literature of violence, taking into account the violence that the protagonists live, in order to discuss the issue of violence that the characters exercise and how is a reflectionof Colombia in the 80s.

Latin American countries, especially Colombia, have been intensely marked by violence;From politics, with the war between the liberal and conservative parties in the nineteenth century, the massacre of the banana trees at the beginning of the 20th century, which marked the history of the country, a fact where the workers of the United Fruit Company company looking for aOptimal working condition resort to a strike, which ends by President Miguel Abadía’s decision violently and was massacrating hundreds of workers. Another fact that marked the violence was the death of the liberal leader Jorge Eliecer Gaitán, whose fact is related to the "Bogotazo", which unleashed a popular disturbance destroying and looting not only Bogotá but also the main cities of the country.

For the 50s, the National Front is constituted, a pact between the Liberal and Conservative Party to stop the clashes that had between these two groups as an example the Villarrica War, however, the working class did not take long to find out that the government did not goto improve their living conditions, forging to enter the jungle to form the guerrillas.

That is why a new wave of violence in the 60s is born, the emergence of new armed political movements, in which the 19 de Abril M-19 movement, the revolutionary forces of Colombia FARC and the National Liberation Army and the Army of National Liberation are foundEln, starring in the take of the Palace of Justice in 1985.

Since drug trafficking becomes the representative of violence in this nation, although this business was established in the 60s, from the 80s they take more strength due to their great leaders that are in different departments of the country,Each wants to be the leader of this business, unleash internal conflicts and wars between the posters, leading to violent attacks and placing the country as the leader of drug trafficking and Latin American violence.

As Virginia Capote says “Colombia is a country at war against terror that anxiously seeks a solution to its ills.”(Capote, 2012). This implies that in recent years, the presidents who have governed Colombia have made immense efforts to heal the two great sufferings presented by the country: mainly guerrillas and instantly drug trafficking.

In spite of this, the efforts are not enough, since the guerrillas continue to kidnap and kill people, on the other hand, drug traffickers although their great leaders are no longer produced by drugs, since it is the most powerful economically powerful body in the country. It must also be taken into account that “both the leftist revolutionary groups and the paramilitaries have as the first source of financing the benefits obtained through their relations with drug trafficking.”(Capote, 2012) turning these agencies supporting each other to be against the government and affecting the nation.

“Violence is one of the daily phenomena that most contribute to the deterioration of man’s quality of life, no matter its social and cultural context.”(Gonzales y Molinares, 2010), focusing on Colombia, this phenomenon has been used to oppress and achieve particular purposes such as obtaining power.

Even so, how it demonstrates in the previous chapter on the contextualization of violence in Colombia, what is the literature of violence? It can be defined according to Augusto Escobar in the novel of violence as the testimony imposed by the direct statement of the experience of inhumanity and barbarism about an experience, which goes within a historical discourse and develops the story linearly, but also leavesOn one side the aesthetic of a work and looks at a phenomenon where it denounces the effects of violence on subjects and their surroundings.

The literature of violence arrives in Colombia in 1859 with the ram and in 1924 with the work La Vorágine. For the 50s, texts of social and political violence are written with documentaries that triggered mad city (1951), land without God (1954), among others.

Already in the 60s, the documentary and testimonial part is left behind, and opens the way to the journalistic part, where sadism, atrocity and murders are denounced. These contemporary Colombian novelists show violence in all their difficulty, implying that it is a problem that affects us all. In which the characters are victims and in turn executioners, impacting all social spheres: city, belief, lineage, relationships between couple, art, language, etc. Authors who have established violent novels such as Rosario Tijeras (2010), La Virgen de los Sicarios (2002), Delirio (2004) and Satan (2002) in Colombia (2002).

Oscar Osorio in seven studies on the novel of violence in Colombia A critical evaluation and a new perspective poses four ways in which we can address literature of violence in Colombia. The first, approach a history fact because it prevails on a literary fact;The second must be a bit of the historical fact to write a novelistic work;The third, where violence appears as a backdrop, that is, impose more literary than the historical;Finally in the room you reach a balance between the literary and the historical.

In conclusion, this literature has led to issues such as marginality, torture, hatred, revenge, betrayal, exile and death, situations that are present in Colombia, leading to writers, in the midst of their stories to denounce what happens in areasPolicies, social and economic of the Nation, taking into account literary wealth.

The writer Mario Mendoza did a meticulous work on violence in Colombia and how it affects in the fields of politics, justice, and above all survival in cities. In works such as the City of Umbrales (1992), Scorpio City (1998), story of a murderer (2001), Satan (2002), Collection of Blood (2004), Buddha Blues (2009) and Apocalypse (2011). In the previous works Mendoza deals with issues of politics, evil, injustice, double morals, among others;violence.

One of Mario Mendoza’s most outstanding works is Satan (2002), this work focuses on the crisis that lives in the city of Bogotá caused by evil, where his characters do not dominate his fears, which leads them to self-destruction because they areunconformed beings, rejected, guilty, that wanders with a chaotic world that must return to order. Among those individuals circulating in Bogotá are María, Andrés, Father Ernesto and Campo Elías.

Maria is an attractive young man whose occupation was to sell drinks in the central market of the city, this work barely contributed to subsist. "Until when you will have to endure the obscenities and rudeness of the workers of the square, their shameHis around decides to accept a friend’s work, which refers in a few words to drug trafficking, although in the first instance Maria is insecure with the decision of the "project" although knowing that "you will have an initial salary of seven hundred thousand pesos a month,More clothes and jewels that we will buy you. You will live alone in a good apartment ”(Mendoza, 2016, page 23) Taking into account she all her new conditions that she could acquire decides to accept" Ready, I am with you "(Mendoza, 2016, page 24). The humble social status, lack of economical with the ostentation of the wealthy, a system that oppressed the rich are richer and the poor are poorer. As well as the Point Polyphony is verified “What moves Mary is the compliance between comfort, money, ostentation and comfort that represented the work they offered and vilipendium, poverty, ascosity of her current current lifefigured in the carnicero kiss ”(Rincon, 2003, page 82)