Risotherapy And Nursing Care

Risotherapy and nursing care

Introduction

Before deepening our systematic review it is necessary.

Risotherapy is defined as a complementary psychotherapeutic technique based mainly on achieving somatic and emotional benefits through laughter. In addition, it also affects people’s way of thinking, making everyday things perceive in a positive, cheerful and pleasant way; unfolding the most difficult situations.

Developing

Laughter is a communication weapon that brings numerous benefits to the agency among which we can highlight: 

Psychological benefits:

• Endorphins occur, specifically encephalic, and adrenaline that raise the vital tone and make us feel more awake eliminating the stress that can be generated in different situations of life. Other functions that these substances have is the ability to relieve pain.
• It causes a setback to an earlier level of mental or emotional functioning, usually as a mechanism to relieve a reality that is perceived as painful or negative.
• It has been shown that laughter fights fears and phobias.
• Allows the externalization of emotions and feelings through laughter.
• When the person laughs at himself, he increases his self – esteem and develops an attitude of challenge or challenge that consists in dealing with tensions and difficult situations.

Physical benefits:

• They lubricate and clean their eyes with tears.

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  The laugh vibrates the head and clears the nose and ear.

• With each laugh, about 400 muscles is launched, including some of the stomach that can only be exercised with laughter.
• Increases the production of natural murderous cells (NK, natural Cell Killers) that attack viral or cancer cells, acting as a preventive cancer instrument.
• The diaphragm causes an internal massage that facilitates digestion and helps reduce fatty acids and toxic substances.
• Strengthens the immune system by increasing the number of antibodies such as immunoglobulin A and T lymphocytes that identify and neutralize among others, bacteria, viruses or parasites.
• More air enters the lungs, letting the skin oxygen more.
• Endorphins are released, the natural sedatives of the brain, similar to morphine. At the same time produce a feeling of well -being and generalized satisfaction when they are released and favor self – esteem.

Types of laughter

There are multiple classifications in terms of types of laughter, some of which are:

• Spontaneous laugh: naturally arises as an undeniable expression of different human emotions.
• Stimulated laugh: it is a consequence of the physical or reflex action of certain external stimuli.
• Induced laugh: It is the product of the effects of certain drugs or psychotropic substances (alcohol, caffeine, amphetamines).
• Risa rehearsed or fake: it is achieved through its practice at will.
• Pathological laugh: it is secondary and specific to central nervous system injuries as a result of neurological diseases.(two)

At what time is humor useful?

Both in the hospital and in staff, humor and laughter are applicable therapies in a wide number of situations that we appoint below:

• Moments of spiritual and existential suffering.
• Repeated loss management. 
• Complex situations and the need to solve problems.
• Anxiety related to medical care. 
• The acceptance of reality. 
• Transform the moment and create a more positive atmosphere. 
• In front of death. 
• Express emotions. 
• As a survival mechanism. 
• Defense mechanism. 
• Protection mechanism. 
• The acceptance of terminality. 
• Own vulnerability management.
• Adaptation to situations of depression and anxiety.
• The improvement of self – esteem. 
• Adaptation to loss. 

A statement from the Oncology Nursing Society states that nurses are responsible for implementing and coordinating the care plan for pain -produced by cancer, since they are the professionals who spend more time with the patient. There are numerous care that the nurse performs, among them we highlight: 

• Symptom control, where is the relief of physical suffering, that is, pain. Apart from the proper analgesic guideline, relief techniques such as the game can be applied jointly. Of course, in conditions where the child can participate: awareness of the same, participation and the non -obligation to do so must be given.
• Emotional support and communication with the patient, respecting the child’s times. Respond and speak with honesty, always adapting to the child’s age. Do it with empathy and warmth. Talk to parents whenever possible in the child’s presence. 
• Personalized treatment. Actions such as addressing the patient by name of her, transmits security and closeness.
• Offer the child the opportunity to express their duel. On some occasions, the expression of emotions such as irritability or sadness are forms of communication. Our close presence is important. Our ability to listen and attention must be on continuous alert to provide that emotional relief.

With this systematic review we have proven that it is not much information about the use of humor as complementary therapy in certain diseases such as cancer. We believe that it is necessary to implement laughter therapy in oncological patients, since it is a direct benefit to the health of these individuals or can serve as a stimulus for the therapeutic change process. 

It is important to have several tools and activities to adapt them to each individual and each situation because in this unit patients live in different stages. It would be convenient to take into account the sensitivity when performing these techniques, for example, while a family can positively see laughs to improve the patient’s condition, others in which it is worsened can be annoying.

Conclusions

Inquiring about the benefit of humor as a complementary technique to other established treatments to generate positive emotions in children with cancer we have found a documentary called is always time to laugh. This documentary demonstrates the effectiveness of this technique. According to Dr. Victoria Godoy’s statements, the presence of emergency clowns increases the children’s self – esteem causing them to eat better, they lose fear of health personnel, they get more involved in the treatment and indications of the doctor.

Bibliographies

• Red-of-the-Torre, s. (2016). Risotherapy and well -being.
• Carmona, m. P., & González, L. M. (2015). Risotherapy as a complement to other medical therapies. Magazineenfermeriacyl, 7 (1), 73-79.
• Index-F.com. (2019). Palliative care: Nursing providing quality of life in pediatric oncology.
• Mauricio, h. C., Rivera, j. G., Arriaga, d. C. C., & Sánchez, G. V. (2011). Risotherapy as nursing intervention, for pain control in children in the application of chemotherapy. Maternal Child Research Archives, 3, 128-131.
• Pinna, m. A. C., Mahtani-Chugani, v., Sánchez Correas, M. A., & Sanz Rubiales, to. (2018). The Use of Humor in Palliative Care: A Systematic Literature Review. American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine®, 35.