see the intstructions below- definitions

Nursing
Name
Institution

Nursing
Introduction
Nursing can be stated as the safeguarding, optimizing and promoting of human well-being and capabilities in the prevention of injury and illness, through the mitigation of anguish by treating and diagnosing human reaction. It also supports the care of families, populations and communities. Nurses make the major group of staff in any give health facility setting, for instance, the hospital and are a vital part of the healthcare group. Nurses do work in all sort of health environment from emergency and accident to patients’ homes, having people of all backgrounds and ages. This paper is about some terms that are closely related to nursing as a profession.
Section A
Discipline
The aim of training is the expansion of knowledge concerning human understanding by the use of creative research and conceptualization. This information is the scientific channel to having the art of nursing. The discipline-specific information is given at birth and nurtured in academic surroundings where education and research move the information to different level of knowledge. The nursing as a discipline incorporates the understanding of the existing theories and frameworks that are rooted in the simultaneity models and totality. Such frameworks and models explained the nature of nursing as a key phenomenon of concern i.e. the human-universe-health practice. The body mind spirit view is particulate with an emphasis on the bio-psycho-social-spiritual measures of the human in totality as the person relate with and adjusts to the surroundings (Basavanthappa, 2007).

Profession
Profession entails individuals educated in the given discipline basing on generally regulated, monitored standards and defined. The values and guidelines are there to protect healthcare safety for individuals in society. Presently, the nursing guidelines and ethics are stated predominantly in the medical sciences terminologies, with small references to a unique nursing understanding. The nursing training and practice ethics are to be full enough in encompassing the option of practicing within each model. For instance, the totality model frameworks and concepts and more closely associated with the medical model. The profession of nursing, on the other hand, has given values that act as a gauge in guiding nursing conduct. The profession requires its members to know, internalize and understand given values. The contact of personal, patient values and professional penetrates into the state of decision-formulating. In an aim of achieving reasonable legal decision-making and ethical (Basavanthappa, 2007)
Meta-paradigm
It’s comprised of four major parts. The idea is vital to nursing theory, as the four parts are the main areas of concern when applied to patient care. The first part is the Person. In this case, a person is used to implying to more than one person who comprises the patient’s friends and family. The goal here is to cultivate the patient and vest him or her in managing their health to the best of their skills. Health is the second part. It implies to the patient’s wellness and the accessibility to health care. The third part is the Environment meaning everything that surrounds the patients and affects their recovery and illness. It is also not limited to any external factors including social and internal factors. The last part is the Nursing. It is used to mean all of the distinctive skills that one has to gain in becoming a nurse, for example, medical facts, technical skills, etc. (Lynn, 2003).
Paradigm/worldview
This is a given way of seeing the factor of concern that has been defined by the meta-paradigm of the discipline. It also refers to as worldview. Individuals having different worldview perceive the same thing differently. The viewpoint is supported by research and concepts that it adequately addresses the need for the discipline. Many intellectuals in a discipline admit and agree on a particular worldview. Whenever there is a new concept and research challenging the existing paradigm, a new worldview will appear to contest with the current worldview. A paradigm uprising is a conflict and turmoil occurring in a given discipline whenever there is a challenging model gaining acceptance to the prevailing paradigm (Basavanthappa, 2007).
Science
It can be regarded as a body of information, a way of exploring natural phenomena and a way of coming up with alternatives in an effort of understanding nature. It involves the three ways of the structure of science. The yield of science comprises of information in the form of ideas, principles, generalizations, and concepts subjected to error and modification. Conversely, the methods of science involve the processes concerned with how scientific information is developed. On the other hand, ethics of science entail a set of attitudes or standards, guiding the daily undertakings of the scientists. Sciencing can be regarded as a product functioning within the setting of established standards. Scientists tend to engage a number of ways that are inspired by an aspiration of assuming and knowing orderliness in nature governed by acceptable and understandable moral values, and their action generally ends incredible ideas, laws, and concepts (Marlaine, 2015).
Theory/theoretical framework/conceptual framework
This is a central emphasis on the dynamic course of caring actions that are in the context of the nurse-patient association. This relationship can be stated as a dynamic one, between the nurse and the patient, for the reason of aiding the patient. This relationship is centered on nursing activity. It emphasizes on the patient and is therapeutic, goal-directed and purposeful in nature. The nurse’s distinctive position in the delivery of nursing care permits them to have the patients’ advocacy promotion. Caring is a way of keeping and increasing patient dignity. The nurse upholds patients as persons but not as objects, and helps them in making selections, and getting a sense of their illness experience (Lynn, 2003).
Ontology
It is an essential human process of wellness, exhibited by integration and complexity in human systems. Clinically, Nurses plays a role of a team of health care workers in treating their patients returning them to their normal. In most cases, nurses are like managers to their patients’ overall health issue. This is through the coordination with their patients who will be receiving medications and other services. To some extent, they also perform the advocacy to their patients in situations where the patient may be unable in communicating their wishes or needs. They also act as a connection between the patients, their family and any other person who may require any information (Marlaine, 2015).
Epistemology
One can define Epistemology as the study of what humans understand, how they came to know it and the criteria for assessing information claims. It’s the study of information shared among the associates of any given discipline. The sequence of knowledge that forms from them and the strategies for accepting information claims is also considered. There are three types of information specific for nursing as a discipline. These three are; the clinical information, empirical knowledge, and conceptual information. Diverse techniques for assessing each type are recommended (Marlaine, 2015).
Section b
Realism
Realism is the understanding that there is an actual world that is there independently of attitudes, the thoughts, the perceptions, and feelings. It has been the foremost-accepted beliefs of science, particularly in the actuality of social science. Nevertheless, realism exceeds both social and natural science. It integrates experiences, mechanisms of events and events. In nursing training, there is the teaching of concepts of nursing practice and how to use them in clinical states. In the nursing profession, it’s what one come to comprehend as the contradictory issue of the idealist opinions learned so far. The realize tactic in nursing is very conclusive in that if one is sick then one should appear to be sick or possess symptoms and signs that propose illness. Realist nurses are based on real patient specific care and how it impacts the patient, but not a specific ideal patient care that is founded on acquired concepts (Lynn, 2003).
Rationalism
It’s the philosophical opinion that information is gotten through reason, minus the help of the senses. Mathematical information is the best instance of this since in the process of rational thinking alone one tends to extend plumb of numerical connections. The proof has to be constructed and deduced over more intricate mathematical ideas. Advocates of such states were mostly from the continental European countries of France, Germany and the Netherlands. This was seen as a type of rationalism which can be often known as Continental Rationalism. It’s also seen to draw a clear separating line between the unknown and knowing and frequently inclined toward materialistic monism and dualism (Lynn, 2003).
References
Basavanthappa, B. T. (2007). Nursing Theories. Jaypee Brothers Publishers.
Lynn Basford, O. S. (2003). Theory and Practice of Nursing: An Integrated Approach to Caring Practice. Nelson Thornes.
Marlaine C Smith, M. E. (2015). Nursing Theories and Nursing Practice. F.A. Davis.