Cultural Appropriation And Its History

Cultural appropriation and its history

Introduction

We focus on cultural history and its importance in historical research. As in the previous section, it was commented that Marxism was a great revelation in the field of historiography, the opposite of the revelation presented by cultural history cannot be said. Although cultural history had a history of Marxism, it was recovered around the 70s of the S. XX, where a new historiographic current arises, better known as cultural history. 

Its denomination comes from the acquired importance of culture in the realization of the different studies and investigations about history. This story adopted an anthropological turn, since anthropological studies and research begin to take into account. Various transformations arise in various areas such as the economic that are influenced by cultural elements that are part of our society.

Developing

Regarding cultural history, it is convenient to talk about Peter Burke, British historian, known for his research on modern cultural history, tries to thoroughly analyze the paradigms of new cultural history. A classic example that we can see explained in the introductory video is "the cultural history of pants versus economic history" of this object, that is, from the economic point of view it could be pointed out that the pants begin to produce due to the needsof industries to transform consumption or consumers. 

From the cultural point of view we would talk about the importance of cowboy pants, how it also transforms the needs of the industry.

In this subject, the main theoretical approaches are clearly seen as they are:

•  Classical phase (1800-1930), importance of the spirit of the time/mind (common ideas of the time).
• Social History of Art (1930), aesthetic issues that depend on the variables of a political, social or economic nature, appreciated from the cultural point of view. These debates arise from the classic study of M. Weber and Protestant Ethics that gave rise to capitalism.
• Popular culture (1960), Raymond Williams was the greatest representative of this Marxist perspective with his book "Culture and Society" that leads us to that cultural current. Willians briefly discusses some ideas from Marx and Leavis, from Marxism, Williams takes up the idea that culture and production are linked and that education and access to certain cultural goods are restricted to a ruling class. Rejects the Marxism of its time because culture occurs in a changing community and in response to its experience lived.
•  In this way the new cultural history arises, more ecclesiastical. New objects of cultural and specific study arise as feminism could be, the history of reading, the culture of the body … Thanks to them, history is seen through economic transformation and in addition delimited by cultural elements.
•  School culture or educational historiography is a culture developed within the educational institutions themselves where the social actors who are the subjects capable of socializing in that culture, of acquiring it and reproducing it at the same time at the same time take prominence. In this way, the studies of school culture such as time, methods, curriculum, etc.

Another example that we must take into account by Peter Burke is "the social and cultural history of the house" that leads us to the importance of focusing on new objects of study and prioritizing symbolic elements among S. XVI-XX. In this essay, Burke takes the house as a symbolic and interpretation object. The historian shows interest in the house as an object of meeting from various disciplines: social and cultural. 

Burke, with his numerous contributions offers us new approaches and perspectives oriented towards the symbology of the social and cultural helping to reinterpret history as a real and close perception. The ideals of cultural history have changed the vision of education that has gone from an education based on a capitalist system that the institutions themselves have their own ideals about the way of teaching, what we can call school culture, where the individuals themselvesThey are influenced by the culture around and obtained from the socialization process.

According to Peter Burke, there are more authors who contribute theories and collaborate in the development of cultural theory: Mijaíl Bajan, Norbert Elías, Foucault and Pierre Bourdieu. Of these four authors it can be noted that the core of cultural history is under the end of the representation, which is treated under the point of view of ontology. 

conclusion

The author takes these two points of view to explain the uniqueness with which the buildings (social history) were used, and on the other hand, the different symbologies that contained these buildings (cultural history), that is, social history, how they wereused houses, in Europe, among the s. XVI-XVII, you can see large houses representing the center of local power and purchasing power of families;You can distinguish the houses of Europe in the South (rural houses where they spent more time) and the north (Casa de Campo de Estancias Short). The house, a symbol of society, which represents the family and its privacy.