Descartes Philosophy

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Descartes Philosophy
Q1. The Need for the Method of Doubt
Descartes this it is necessary to participate in meditation and demolish everything he once believed in as part of his belief. The option (B) provides the basis of his argument terming his demolition of all he believes as part of doubt. In doubting everything, Descartes creates a foundation of knowledge where he recognizes the finite nature of existence. In doubt and meditation, Descartes creates a paradigm of realization of existence and doubt starting with his existence.
Q2. The raising of Skeptical Arguments implemented in Method of Doubt (Stages of Doubt)
None of the provided choices explains wholly the Descartes stages of the doubt. Importantly, the stages of doubt according to Descartes fall in the Cartesian circle that helps explain the relationship between these three stages. Descartes argues that all the three stages senses/illusions, dreaming arguments, and maligned demon influence human reasoning. The stages arise from the demonstrated deception as a result of systematic thinking that involves doubt as well. Descartes emphasis on the Cartesian circle is explained by the reason for not withholding any belief either in doubt or belief of God’s existence.
Q3. The One thing Descartes claims he cannot doubt
None of the provided answers gives comprehensive background for this question. In his meditation, Descartes first doubts everything apart from his existence. Descartes doubt of his existence as he explains could not be realistic hence impossible.

He concludes that had it not been his existence then no demon could deceive him. The thought draws him to remain definite as to his thoughts “I think, therefore I am.” It is from such basis of self-certainty that Descartes works on building knowledge (Russell 162).
Q4. Sense Data
According to Russell, all the answers provided in this statement define sense-data. Such argument is true from the argument that sensitive data remains equivalent of all minds –dependent objects whose existence directly accustom our perceptions (Russell 162).
Q5. Objects of the external world
The statement provided above is false. In explanation, Russell from his arguments appears never satisfied with the knowledge set that was in existence; he, therefore, sets out to build upon instinctive belief that objects belonging to the external world are a collection of ideas existing in the minds of people.
Part 2
Descartes Proof of External World
According to Descartes opinions and arguments, it is possible to provide proof of external world because, thinking and imaginations are all derivatives of the different stages of reality. Descartes building of knowledge first draws from the idea that the existence of self-remains definitive and as such shapes the chronology of all events and their existence. Such argument based on the saying “I think so I am” (Russell 161).
Russell’s explanation and Proof of External world
Russell’s explanation of the external world anchors not solely on the external existence of objects but a definite explanation of assumptions on external properties. Russell acknowledges the external objects and their existence as an uncomfortable possibility as in the case of dreams and illusions. His explanation begins by doubting the existence of subjective elements in the physical sense but agrees to the existence of the self. Like Descartes, Russell anchors his arguments in the beliefs of thought and human mind giving him enough reason to doubt everything before believing in the provided explanations that might be a result of human imaginations or dreams as the case of sense data (Russell 162). Russell provides sense data as the explanation for all external existence and objects.

Works Cited
Russell, Bertrand. “Appearance and reality.” (2009).