From The State Of War To The Military State In Chile 1973

From the state of war to the military state in Chile 1973

The following work presents as a central theme the military state in the country of Chile between 1973 and 1990, taking into account its extreme violence towards the sectors that supported former President Salvador Allende. Thus arises the counterrevolutionary movement.

Pinochet, thought that with spilled blood and the elimination of the "Marxist" government would return the beautiful Chilean era. To save the country from "Marxist cancer" and protect democracy, the State proclaims the state of siege, taking the country to the worst part of its history.

Therefore this work tries to demonstrate that, the coup d’etat took on the form of a counterrevolutionary regime against communism, rejected the guilty weakness of democracy representative and imposed its socioeconomic project, military politician.

From the state of war to the military state in Chile

We must announce that the bloody nature of the operations was due to numerous imperatives of the General Staff of the United States. But after these pretexts underlie political and operational reasons.

In 1970, Salvador Allende won 37% of the votes for popular unit. All the reforms carried out by Allende are with democratic vote, so Chilean socialism is of great particularity. This generates discontent in the US.

Between 1972 and 1973, popular power cannot resist sabotage and shortage. International aid cuts, inflation, black and scarce market will be produced.

Allende had few means to counteract the influence of the US (Alain Rouquié, 1984).

Economic sabotage and parliamentary obstructionism of the Chilean bourgeoisie exacerbated a social situation that was already tense and accentuated the polarization of the country. The resulting destabilization of numerous institutions and activities was finally.

Pinochet blow

On Tuesday, September 11, 1973national.(Fernando starts in the world order, 2013)

Allende, after trying to contact the three commanders from the presidential palace of La Moneda, understood what was happening and issued through the radio his last speech. A little later the shots and bombings against the currency began

Allende was found dead in the main hall next to the weapon with which, according to the official story, he committed suicide.

Recording heard from the Mint, last speech. (1)

I am not going to give up, I am placed in a historical transit. I will pay with my life the loyalty of the town.

A military dictatorship was established in Chile that would last more than 16 years (2)

Governed by a Governing Board composed of the commanders in chief of the three branches of the Armed Forces, as well as by the Director General of the Carabineros. Pinochet became de facto president being the commander of the oldest branch of the Armed Forces.

The Military Board appointed the ministers of its first cabinet and closed indefinitely the National Congress, which concentrated in itself the "Supreme Command of the Nation". The Governing Board established the state of siege and a curfew with the intention of controlling the population.

Political parties were illegal, there were limits to artistic and expression freedom, social and union manifestations were prohibited. According to the reports officially recognized by the State, the dictatorship in Chile left more than 44.000 victims.

Among them 3.216 dead, 1.185 were disappeared that were found and identified over time. To these figures are added 33.000 detainees and tortured, in addition to 200.000 exiles. The Chile and El Nacional Stadium became the main detention centers in the country (Valech Commission, December 2009).

conclusion

In this research work it was proposed to consult, investigate, examine and analyze different events that occurred during military dictatorships in Latin America, more precisely in the country of Chile.

This nation had a long 16 -year dictatorship in which we can mention about 44.000 victims, including missing, exiled, dead found and tortured people.

Thanks to the report made by the Valech Commission, (3) you can establish the number of victims that of this military period.

This class hatred, fueled by the fear of popular holders and / or the left led to “cleaning” operations carried out in the emergency and factories neighborhoods, places where socialism predominated.

The military sought to eliminate any possibility of commitment. To save the country of "Marxism" and protect democracy, the State proclaims the state of siege, in which there is a generalized repression and a rejection of the preceding regime of the Allende government.

Thus, in Chile, there was the bloodiest of military process. In these circumstances, a new antidemocratic ideology was born between the Chilean right that assigned an essential place in the structure of a new military state.

It remains to be analyzed if the liberal economic models from Pinochet, are really the reflection of society so convulsed that the Chilean people live today.