New Trends Of International Relations

New Trends of International Relations

Introduction

International relations in their theorization have undergone various changes over time, it can be said then that thanks to these have emerged new trends that point in a direction contrary to traditional. The dynamics that represent the arrival of these trends, Solomon classified them into three sections that are the ones that make up the article: dialogue, dissent and approaches, as they have developed and what have been the significant contributions that have brought to the discipline. In the first section, called dialogue, the author enters us in a conflict that although it has its origin in the realistic and liberal traditions

Developing

Neorealism and neoliberalism These abysmal differences that separated them previously are being studied to be able to give a much broader and more complete development to the theory of international relations. The divergences that arise between these two currents, also have as a base two of the great debates that were presented in the development of the political and theoretical framework of international relations, and that were the result of the different situations that were being presented at that timeIn the international panorama (period between wars, the Bretton Woods crisis, among others). 

The first of these, the idealism-realism debate (there was neither debate nor, practically coexistence in time between realistic and idealists) understanding realism as the tradition that has long directed the political action of many countries and idealism as aUtopia.

The second debate, on the other hand, occurs between realism and transnationalism and was framed in a criticism of statocentrism as a model of little cooperation. Now, thanks to these two debates, the one that would be the main actor of the first dynamic arises, the neo-Royalism-neoliberalism debate.

In which Neorealism sought through the modification of a part of its structure, to give a different and much clearer perspective for the construction of the theory. On the contrary, neoliberalism pursued the objective of the creation of institutions and norms not only for the defense of the interests of each State but also for the Search of cooperation between states, which allowed the disappearance, little by little, of the State asthe main actor yearning for the internal benefit only. It should be noted, as I mentioned earlier, that through this dynamic some of the divergences.

Between these two theories they have become points of convergence that have represented an approach between neoliberalism and neorealism. In the second section, the author addresses the dissent and within it more specifically the fracture presented between rationalism and reflectivism. Robert Keohane, then, defined the parties to which international relations were going to be divided. The theories that represented the rationalists and whose approaches were focused on behavior and, in contrast the reflectivist theories that are not very confident in the scientific methodology.

And insisted on the importance of human reflection on world politics. It also raises us to three of the reflectivist approaches such as: critical theory, which instructs us in how through conceptualization the development of a theory of international relations can occur. Postmodernisms, which address the impossibility of creating a theory, but at the same time shows us the ability to analyze the world as a "great text" that allows us to understand and explain the interconnection in which it is located.

And finally the feminist approach that details, in broad strokes, the political aspect in which it works, and that seeks or has only one purpose, equality and that tells us about the different types of feminism that have existed through theTime (liberal feminism, Marxist feminism, among others). And in the epistemological aspect, the different approaches they have acquired (empiricist, point of view) and through which intervention in the evolution of the theory of international relations has been had.

conclusion

Already entering the final section of this article, that of the approaches, in which the essential role that constructivism has played (as part of the reflectivist approaches) is raised in the approach of the firm reflectivist positions to the rationalists. In addition, mention of as aspects of constructivism would also be supported to be able to end, little by little, with the divergences that are still separating the neo -Real and Neoliberal currents.

Finally, we can highlight that within the article the author makes it quite clear the different trends that occurred in the search for a theory of international relations, the authors of each of them, their opinions about the different trends arising and asThey differ from those that were traditionally being used, taking into account that some have their bases based on their structure.