The Evolution Of Production Towards Total Automation

The evolution of production towards total automation

In the mid -eighteenth century, the production processes are carried out by hand, it was the workforce of the economy of a nation, a large number of people manufactured with their hands the products consumed by the general public, there was noWhat we commonly called as a division of labor, the people were the one who decided how much time it was necessaryThe products were required in the windows of their workshops.

The workshops were organized between a teacher and his apprentices, the teacher when he had the learned in the entire knowledge of his teacher mounted his own workshop, but from the arrival of the all exchange revolution, this revolution was divided the two parts,The first from 1750 to 1840 where the industry would become manufactured here the artisanal instruments would be replaced by machines, this was due to the fact that the demand could not be supplied by the offer, replacing the workshops with large factories where a capitalist exerted control, the capitalist, theMore great technological innovation would be the steam engine which would increase the productive capacity, so the first problem would be presented in this thesis where artisans would be obliged to the balance of competition to survive as salaried workers in those factories that had ledto the financial ruin its workshops. 

Culminated this first phase of industrialization would arrive the second industrial revolution which covers from 1880 to 1914, there the electric, hydrocarbons and steel industries would be developed, which would replace iron and steam respectively, oil would allow the introduction of the engine as Internal combustion system, increased in mass the production of cars, however we would face the second dilemma the complexity of production processes would motivate the creation of organizational systems, first the scientific theory would be given its rapporteur would be Frederick Taylor where emphasis was placed In tasks in time, there is also the departmentalization, empirical methods are replaced by science and organizations are measured by times and movements, man becomes called Homo Economicus, his greatest achievement would be the basic principles of the administration planning , preparation, control and execution.

The first to use this method was Henry Ford in the creation of Model T vehicles which were quite economical, before for the design of the cars, the intervention of a artisan teacher and a mechanic for the adequacy of the vehicle was necessary, which he didThat the cost was quite high, only until 1913 with hard work would create the range of T vehicles through the Taylor recommendations by introducing the mobile assembly tapes, a chain assembly and manufacturing chain was carried out, the workers did not make displacements doingFrom the process, strict control by the organization, each process was done through mechanical and repetitive tasks, the result would be that serial production would be the central axis of production and the worker would be in the background, success would be resoundingAlready by 1920 these vehicles would cost less than $ 300. Subsequently, the flexible production system would be born, the first problem with serial production would beBut in 1960 this would end due to social and economic problems that would modify the characteristics of the demand, the Ford industry was in crisis, ironically mass consumption would also cause exhaustion, thus increasing purchasing power stimulated to new measure ofproduction, which would imply the creation of new needs by raising the level of activity and gain.  

Thus, the generalized diversification of production is produced, so the product mustExactly the same, there was no differentiation and therefore said the crisis, it was obvious that the competition would take sides into it by diversifying its product and covering a broader market segment, so the demand would continue to rise and in turn the productive processes.

Finishing the 40´ the Japanese had a weak industry as a product of the post -warSo the Toyota company was wax, which would create a unique production system, Toyota raised a new business project, they knew they could not produce in mass as Ford and the demand was very low, consequently they adopted the original Ford model thewhich they intended to obtain high quality, low costs and especially short and flexible delivery times, it is then that the owner of Toyota decides to eliminate all loss from the use of excess resources in production, excess production, excessive stock and unnecessary investment, consisting of its production method in obtaining the required type of units in the time and quantity required.