The Twilight Of The Idols.

The Twilight of the Idols.

Introduction

The way of being of philosophers, as he says: his idiosyncrasy, Nietzsche mentions the historical lack of meaning referring to his inability to recognize temporality, his hatred of becoming as rejection of change (defend immutability) and his Egypticism referring to the eternity defended by philosophers, that is, mummified things to achieve their eternity, to honor them by taking them in this way by making them concepts. He also points out the rejection of philosophers towards the senses because they considered these deceptions like this, they were based on reason as a tool of knowledge to avoid the deception of the senses.

He praises Heraclitus for defending the testimony of plurality and change of the senses at a time when they were rejected against the testimony of reason to duration and unity. Although it is also unfair to the senses because he considered that they lied although he did it in a different way from the rest of the philosophers of the time.

Developing

Nietzsche also points to his beliefs: he rejects those of the philosophers mentioned above and affirms that the deception does not reside in the senses, but the reason, that is, the senses do not lie but that the lie comes from our interpretation of the testimony of them, so Mention a lie of the unit, the lie of the cosity, of the substance, of the duration.

• In this way Nietzsche rejects the true world and affirms that the apparent world is the only existing

Nietzsche’s critic would be directed in this way to thinkers who defend the unique use of reason in front of the senses because they show us change and plurality and the idea of ​​a true world, without change, different from the immediate world the only existing for Nietzsche. The thinkers who defended these ideas are mainly those of antiquity, highlighting Socrates and Plato, and Christianity also defended these ideas.

Main aspects of criticism of Nietzsche’s metaphysics:

• Opposition to ontological dualism, reflection of Platonic dualism: imperfect world (our world) and perfect world (that of ideas).

According to this dualism, reality is divided into two realities an immutable and eternal and another changing, sensitive and perishable product of the previous.

Nietzsche shows 3 objections to this dualism:

1. The sensitive reality undervalued due to its mutability because human reason works with immutable concepts, but this does not demonstrate the imperfection of the sensitive world but that reason is not possibly the most appropriate way to know it.
2. The perfect world is nothing more than an illusion built as a denial of the sensitive world, only reality.
3. Therefore, consider the perfect world as a denial of life. Men rebel against life that evokes suffering and deny it by making it a mere residue of another perfect reality where they drown their resentment.

conclusion

The truth for Nietzsche does not exist, there is no objective concept of truth, but there are different interpretations because reality is the result of the intuition of the real, of the direct capture of reality. Therefore, it cannot be an immutable truth, and not even unique, because the same change of the real is not exempt from contradictions.