chapter 16 questions

Student’s Name
Instructor’s Name
Course
Date
Question and Answers
What is the difference between tacit and explicit learning?
Tacit learning is where children learn through observation and assisting adults. Explicit learning entails finding and enrolling in community activities. In this context, children engage in social, play, leisure, or structured activities with their peers in the community or neighborhood (Case-Smith and O’Brien 462).
What is defined as a characteristic that enables a person to engage in goal-directed, self-regulated, autonomous behavior? This quality has also been identified as a factor that promotes independent community living.
Answer: Self-determination (Case-Smith and O’Brien 462)
Josh, a seventeen year old diagnosed with a TBI as result of an MVA, has a goal of transitioning to independent living. His apartment will have its own washer and drier. What activity to support meal preparation is reasonable to expect him to complete, given appropriate accommodations and supports?
If Josh is suffering from decreased overall cognitive ability due to TBI, he could benefit from an activity that simplifies tasks like getting used to the kitchen again using pictures that direct him.
Sasha, a 13 year old diagnosed with spina bifida, has always been creative. She designs and sews clothes for her friends, who pay her a small sum for her work. Sasha wants to save her money to buy a more advanced sewing machine. She also donates some of her clothes to a local woman’s shelter as a part of her afterschool club activities.

What activity is reasonable to expect Sasha to do to support her goal of money management, given supports and accommodations as needed?
Sasha can begin saving a portion of her income to a local bank.
Max, an eight year old boy diagnosed on the autism spectrum, loves to move! He enjoys riding his bike to the local store, going out with peers to see any and every superhero movie, and being responsible to walk the family dog, Eddard. Which activity would support Max’s goal of community mobility, given supports and accommodations and supports as needed?
Max can begin learning to use a communication device so that his parents can know about his whereabouts.
What are the six contextual influences that can have an impact on a child’s IADLs?
The contextual influences are: (1) the physical context (built and natural environment), social context (relationships and supports), (3) cultural context (values, beliefs, and attitudes), (4) virtual context (assistive technology and computers), (5) temporal context (time of year, duration, and stages of life), and (6) policies and service systems including insurance cover and eligibility that impact opportunities available to youth and children.
Which instrument is a criterion-referenced test for ADLs and IADLs that assess underlying motor and process performance skills used to perform a task?
Answer: Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS) (Case-Smith and O’Brien 468)
Which instrument assesses life skills for children and youth in foster care?
Answer: Ansell-Casey Life Skills Inventory
Which instrument measures performance and capacity for personal care, dressing, eating, locomotion, stairs, paly, transfers, and standing skills?
Answer: Activity Scale for Kids (ASK)
Which instrument, based on parent report, measures children’s participation in household tasks?
Answer: Children Helping Out: Responsibilities, Expectations and Supports (CHORES)
Which assessment measures the four domains of personal management, community, home, and vocational?
Answer: Choosing Options and Accommodations for Children (COACH)
Which instrument examines 6 categories of participation: interpersonal relationships, communication, personal care, mobility, education, and recreation?
Answer: Life Habits Questionnaire (Life-H)
Which instrument, based on parent report, measures participation at home, school, and in the community?
Answer: The Participation and Environmental Measure – Children and Youth (PEM – CY)
Which instrument measures home, school, and community participation with special focus on ICF classification?
Answer: The Child and Adolescent Scale of Participation (CASP)
List at least three roles for occupational therapists in supporting their clients and families in transition planning, according to Case-Smith and O’Brien (2015)?
Three roles include preparation of families and student for changes in routines and roles; advocating for and representing the needs of the students; and implementing and evaluating supports for continuing education and / or employment.
What six approaches to intervention are used in theoretical models?
The intervention approaches are skill acquisition, remediation, environmental modification, compensation/adaptation, prevention, and education.
List the four approaches to family- and client-centered models of practice
The four approaches are contained in the Cognitive Orientation to Daily Occupational performance. They are: (1) Ensure it is fun; (2) encourage learning; (3) work towards realizing independence; and (4) promote transfer and generalization.
At Enfield High School, the Eagles fly high! The adapted basketball team has a game on Friday. Rosie, a 16 year old diagnosed with Down syndrome, is the star center! Her peer buddy, Rebecca, attends every game to support Rosie’s goal of total court domination. What type of inclusion is this considered?
Answer: compensation/adaptation, which involves positive behavioral support/reinforcement of positive behavior.
In addition to being a star basketball player, Rosie is quite the baker! She attends Mrs. Bender’s cooking every Tuesday and Thursday. Rosie works with peers to produce the most delicious chocolate cookies, puff pastries, and apple pies one has ever tasted. What type of inclusion is this considered?
Answer: skill acquisition and education

Works Cited
BIBLIOGRAPHY l 1033 Case-Smith, Jane and Jane Clifford O’Brien. Occupational Therapy for Children and Adolescents. New York City, New York, United States: Elsevier Health Sciences, 2015. Online.